{"id":297,"date":"2019-04-04T12:15:36","date_gmt":"2019-04-04T10:15:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_test_a_new_pulsar_clock\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:26:33","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:26:33","slug":"esa_test_a_new_pulsar_clock","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/esa_test_a_new_pulsar_clock\/","title":{"rendered":"Az ESA egy \u00faj pulz\u00e1r\u00f3r\u00e1t tesztel"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Mikor n\u00e9zted meg utolj\u00e1ra az id\u0151t? Tal\u00e1n van kar\u00f3r\u00e1d, vagy egy fali\u00f3r\u00e1id. Elgondolkodt\u00e1l m\u00e1r azon, hogy mennyire pontos az \u00e1ltaluk mutatott id\u0151? A mindennapi \u00e9let\u00fcnkben az \u00f3r\u00e1knak val\u00f3j\u00e1ban csak n\u00e9h\u00e1ny perc vagy m\u00e1sodperc pontoss\u00e1ggal kell m\u0171k\u00f6dni\u00fck. De mi van, ha tud\u00f3s, m\u00e9rn\u00f6k vagy \u0171rhaj\u00f3s vagy? Lehet, hogy nagyon pontosan kell m\u00e9rned az id\u0151t. Az ESA tud\u00f3sai megkezdt\u00e9k egy \u00faj t\u00edpus\u00fa, rendk\u00edv\u00fcl pontos \u00f3ra tesztel\u00e9s\u00e9t, amely pulz\u00e1rokat haszn\u00e1l! A \u201cPulChron\u201d n\u00e9vre keresztelt eszk\u00f6z t\u00f6bb gyorsan forg\u00f3 neutroncsillagb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3, milliszekundum-frekvenci\u00e1j\u00fa r\u00e1di\u00f3impulzusok seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel m\u00e9ri az id\u0151 m\u00fal\u00e1s\u00e1t!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>A neutroncsillagok hihetetlen\u00fcl s\u0171r\u0171 \u00e9gitestek, amelyek robban\u00f3 csillagok \u00f6sszeomlott magj\u00e1b\u00f3l keletkeznek. A hagyom\u00e1nyos csillagokhoz \u00e9s bolyg\u00f3khoz k\u00e9pest apr\u00f3ak \u2013 \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151j\u00fck csup\u00e1n 10\u201320 km k\u00f6r\u00fcl mozog \u2013, de t\u00f6bb \u201canyagot\u201d, azaz t\u00f6meget tartalmaznak, mint a Nap! A neutroncsillagok n\u00e9ha rendk\u00edv\u00fcl gyorsan forognak. Ilyenkor pulz\u00e1rnak nevezik \u0151ket, \u00e9s \u00e9ppen ezeket haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a PulChron tud\u00f3sai. Amint a pulz\u00e1rok forognak, olyan r\u00e1di\u00f3hull\u00e1m-sugarakat bocs\u00e1tanak ki, amelyeket a F\u00f6ldr\u0151l is lehet \u00e9rz\u00e9kelni. A jelens\u00e9g kicsit olyan, mint amikor a vil\u00e1g\u00edt\u00f3torony villog\u00f3 f\u00e9nyeit l\u00e1tjuk. Ezek a r\u00e1di\u00f3hull\u00e1m-kit\u00f6r\u00e9sek olyan szab\u00e1lyosak, hogy egy nagyon pontos \u00f3rarendszer alapj\u00e1t k\u00e9pezhetik \u2013 pontosan ezt teszteli a PulChron-csapat.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"768\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/12\/PulChron_setup\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/12\/pulchron_setup\/19174617-1-eng-GB\/PulChron_setup.jpg\" alt=\"PulChron setup\"><figcaption>A PulChron be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>M\u00e1r kifejlesztett\u00fcnk n\u00e9h\u00e1ny nagyon j\u00f3 m\u00f3dszert az id\u0151 m\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9re. Eddig a legjobb megold\u00e1sunk az \u00fagynevezett atom\u00f3ra. Az atomokban l\u00e9v\u0151 elektronok nagyon pontos mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 energi\u00e1t k\u00e9pesek elnyelni vagy kibocs\u00e1tani. Ez az energia egy meghat\u00e1rozott frekvenci\u00e1j\u00fa \u2013 m\u00e1sodpercenk\u00e9nt egy bizonyos sz\u00e1m\u00fa teljes hull\u00e1mhossz\u00fas\u00e1g\u00fa \u2013 f\u00e9nyhull\u00e1m form\u00e1j\u00e1ban szabadul fel, amely az id\u0151 m\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9re haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3, ugyan\u00fagy, ahogyan egy nagyapai \u00f3ra m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t az inga egy perc alatt v\u00e9gzett teljes leng\u00e9ssz\u00e1m\u00e1nak szab\u00e1lyozza.<\/p>\n<p>Az atom\u00f3r\u00e1k r\u00f6vid id\u0151tartamokban \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul \u00e9vekben \u2013 ugyan jobb megold\u00e1st jelenthetnek, de a PulChronhoz hasonl\u00f3 pulz\u00e1r\u00f3r\u00e1k \u00e9vtizedekig is megb\u00edzhat\u00f3ak maradhatnak, m\u00edg az egyes atom\u00f3r\u00e1k enn\u00e9l hosszabb id\u0151 alatt meghib\u00e1sodhatnak. Ez azt jelenti, hogy a pulz\u00e1r\u00f3r\u00e1k rendk\u00edv\u00fcl hasznosak lehetnek a j\u00f6v\u0151beli m\u0171holdas navig\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerekben \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az ESA Galileo programj\u00e1ban \u2013, amelyek hossz\u00fa \u00e9vekre kiterjed\u0151, hihetetlen\u00fcl pontos id\u0151m\u00e9r\u00e9sre szorulnak.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"3895\" data-credit=\"Mike Peel; Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester.\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/12\/Lovell_Telescope_Jodrell_Bank\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/12\/lovell_telescope_jodrell_bank\/19173940-1-eng-GB\/Lovell_Telescope_Jodrell_Bank.jpg\" alt=\"Lovell Telescope, Jodrell Bank\"><figcaption>Lovell-teleszk\u00f3p, Jodrell Bank<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Mi t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik azonban, ha egy pulz\u00e1rb\u00f3l \u00e9rkez\u0151 adatok eltorzulnak \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul gravit\u00e1ci\u00f3s hull\u00e1mok miatt, amelyek olyanok, mint az \u0171rben terjed\u0151 hull\u00e1mok, amelyeket hatalmas kozmikus esem\u00e9nyek v\u00e1ltanak ki? Ez r\u00f6vid ideig azt a l\u00e1tszatot keltheti, mintha a pulz\u00e1r gyorsabban vagy lassabban forogna. A PulChron-csapat erre is gondolt, ez\u00e9rt \u00f6t nagy r\u00e1di\u00f3teleszk\u00f3pot haszn\u00e1l Eur\u00f3pa-szerte, hogy ne csak egyet, hanem 18 pulz\u00e1rt figyeljen meg!\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Tal\u00e1n a j\u00f6v\u0151ben egyre elterjedtebbek lesznek a pulz\u00e1r\u00f3r\u00e1k, amelyek az atom\u00f3r\u00e1kkal egy\u00fctt seg\u00edtenek majd abban, hogy az id\u0151t minden eddigin\u00e9l pontosabban m\u00e9rj\u00fck!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"6500\" data-credit=\"ESA-P. Carril\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2014\/07\/Galileo_satellite_in_orbit\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2014\/07\/galileo_satellite_in_orbit\/14632177-1-eng-GB\/Galileo_satellite_in_orbit.jpg\" alt=\"Galileo satellite in orbit\"><figcaption>A Galileo m\u0171hold p\u00e1ly\u00e1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><i>\u00c9rdekes t\u00e9ny: A pulz\u00e1rokat 1967-ben fedezte fel Jocelyn Bell Burnell brit csillag\u00e1sz. Eleinte azt hitte, hogy ezek bizony\u00edt\u00e9kai lehetnek arra, hogy intelligens idegen \u00e9letform\u00e1k pr\u00f3b\u00e1lnak vel\u00fcnk kommunik\u00e1lni!\u00a0<\/i><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When was the last time you checked the time? Maybe you have a wristwatch, or a clock on the wall. Did you stop to think about how accurate the time [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/05\/crab_on_lcd\/16946171-1-eng-GB\/Crab_on_LCD.jpg","esa_banner_description":"A pulsar is hidden deep within this supernova bubble. Copyright: NASA, ESA, G. Dubner (IAFE, CONICET-University of Buenos Aires) et al.; A. Loll et al.; T. Temim et al.; F. Seward et al.; VLA\/NRAO\/AUI\/NSF; Chandra\/CXC; Spitzer\/JPL-Caltech; XMM-Newton\/ESA; and Hubble\/STScI, CC BY 4.0","esa_banner_credit":"NASA, ESA, G. Dubner (IAFE, CONICET-University of Buenos Aires) et al.; A. Loll et al.; T. Temim et al.; F. Seward et al.; VLA\/NRAO\/AUI\/NSF; Chandra\/CXC; Spitzer\/JPL-Caltech; XMM-Newton\/ESA; and Hubble\/STScI,CC BY 4.0","esa_banner_licence":"CC BY 4.0 INT or ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/05\/Crab_on_LCD","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=297"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4394,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297\/revisions\/4394"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=297"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}