{"id":181,"date":"2021-12-02T12:51:04","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T11:51:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/spacecraft_astronomers_use_esa_space_telescope_to_find_missing_matter\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:25:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:25:12","slug":"spacecraft_astronomers_use_esa_space_telescope_to_find_missing_matter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/spacecraft_astronomers_use_esa_space_telescope_to_find_missing_matter\/","title":{"rendered":"A csillag\u00e1szok az ESA \u0171rt\u00e1vcs\u00f6v\u00e9t haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k az elt\u0171nt anyag felkutat\u00e1s\u00e1ra"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Minden, amit az \u0171rben l\u00e1tunk \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a csillagok, a bolyg\u00f3k, s\u0151t m\u00e9g az emberek is \u2013 egy \u201ebaryon\u201d nev\u0171 anyagfajt\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00e1ll. \u00dagy t\u0171nik azonban, hogy az Univerzumban a baryonok nagy r\u00e9sze hi\u00e1nyzik, \u00e9s ezek felkutat\u00e1sa eddig nagyon nagy kih\u00edv\u00e1st jelentett. Egy csillag\u00e1szcsoport az ESA XMM-Newton nev\u0171 \u0171rt\u00e1vcs\u00f6v\u00e9t felhaszn\u00e1lva seg\u00edt megoldani ezt a kozmikus rejt\u00e9lyt!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Az \u00fagynevezett kozmikus mikrohull\u00e1m\u00fa h\u00e1tt\u00e9rsug\u00e1rz\u00e1s vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1b\u00f3l tudjuk, hogy mennyi barionnak kellene lennie az Univerzumban; ez a legr\u00e9gebbi f\u00e9ny, amely mind\u00f6ssze 380 000 \u00e9vvel a Nagy Bumm ut\u00e1n keletkezett. \u00dagy t\u0171nik, hogy az \u00f6sszes barion n\u00e9h\u00e1ny milli\u00e1rd \u00e9vig jelen van, de azt\u00e1n k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl a fele elt\u0171nik!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"700\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/07\/Spider_senses2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/07\/spider_senses2\/17900532-2-eng-GB\/Spider_senses.jpg\" alt=\"Spider senses\"><figcaption>P\u00f3k\u00f6szt\u00f6n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Fabrizio Nicastro egyike azoknak a tud\u00f3soknak, akik megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lj\u00e1k megoldani ezt a rejt\u00e9lyt. Elmond\u00e1sa szerint: \u201cA hi\u00e1nyz\u00f3 barionok a modern asztrofizika egyik legnagyobb rejt\u00e9ly\u00e9t jelentik. Tudjuk, hogy ennek az anyagnak ott kell lennie valahol, l\u00e1tjuk a korai Univerzumban, de onnan kezdve m\u00e1r nem tudjuk nyomon k\u00f6vetni. Hov\u00e1 t\u0171nt?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Ha \u00f6sszeadjuk az \u0171rben tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 \u00f6sszes csillagot \u00e9s g\u00e1zt, valamint mindazt, amit a csillag\u00e1szok egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt megtal\u00e1ltak, akkor is 40% baryon hi\u00e1nyzik. Bizony\u00e1ra nagyon j\u00f3l tudnak elb\u00fajni! Fabrizio \u00e9s bar\u00e1tai \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6ttek, hogy egy speci\u00e1lis t\u00e1vcs\u0151 seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel folytatj\u00e1k a keres\u00e9st: az ESA XMM-Newton nev\u0171 t\u00e1vcs\u00f6v\u00e9t. Ez a t\u00e1vcs\u0151 az \u0171rben van, \u00e9s nem a szem\u00fcnkkel l\u00e1that\u00f3 szok\u00e1sos f\u00e9nyt, hanem r\u00f6ntgensugarakat figyel meg.<\/p>\n<p>A b\u00e1tor csillag\u00e1szok az XMM-Newton seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel egy kvaz\u00e1rt vizsg\u00e1ltak, amely egy hatalmas galaxis, k\u00f6z\u00e9ppontj\u00e1ban egy szupermassz\u00edv fekete lyukkal, amely anyagot sz\u00edv mag\u00e1ba, \u00e9s rengeteg r\u00f6ntgensug\u00e1rz\u00e1st bocs\u00e1t ki! Az adatok alapos elemz\u00e9se sor\u00e1n oxig\u00e9n nyomaira bukkantak, amely a mi \u00e9s a kv\u00e1z\u00e1r k\u00f6z\u00f6tti \u0171rben rejt\u0151zik. Ezt eddig m\u00e9g soha nem siker\u00fclt megfigyeln\u00fcnk! Fabrizio \u00edgy magyar\u00e1zza: \u201cHatalmas anyagk\u00e9szletek \u2013 k\u00f6zt\u00fck oxig\u00e9n is \u2013 tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k ott, pontosan olyan mennyis\u00e9gben, amilyenre sz\u00e1m\u00edtottunk, \u00edgy v\u00e9gre p\u00f3tolhatjuk a hi\u00e1nyt az univerzum barion-m\u00e9rleg\u00e9ben.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"5945\" data-credit=\"Illustrations and composition: ESA \/ ATG medialab; data: ESA \/ XMM-Newton \/ F. Nicastro et al. 2018; cosmological simulation: R. Cen\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/07\/Detecting_the_warm-hot_intergalactic_medium\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/07\/detecting_the_warm-hot_intergalactic_medium\/17892168-2-eng-GB\/Detecting_the_warm-hot_intergalactic_medium.jpg\" alt=\"Detecting the warm-hot intergalactic medium\"><figcaption>A meleg\u2013forr\u00f3 intergalaktikus k\u00f6zeg kimutat\u00e1sa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>A hi\u00e1nyz\u00f3 barionok egyfajta forr\u00f3 k\u00f6dben rejt\u0151ztek, amely a galaxisok k\u00f6z\u00f6tti t\u00e9rben t\u00f6bb sz\u00e1zezer f\u00e9ny\u00e9vre terjed ki. A rejt\u00e9ly megold\u00f3dott, \u00e9s most a csillag\u00e1szok elkezdhetik ezeknek a barionoknak a vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1t, hogy t\u00f6bbet tudjanak meg r\u00f3luk!<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00c9rdekes t\u00e9ny:<\/b> B\u00e1r a barionos anyag alkotja mindazt, amit l\u00e1tunk, az Univerzumban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 anyag mennyis\u00e9g\u00e9nek csup\u00e1n 5%-j\u00e1t teszi ki! A rejt\u00e9lyes s\u00f6t\u00e9t anyag k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 25%-t, a s\u00f6t\u00e9t energia pedig k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 70%-t tesz ki.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Everything we see in space, such as stars, planets and even people, is made from a type of matter called baryons. However, a lot of the baryons in the Universe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/07\/xmm-newton\/17910751-2-eng-GB\/XMM-Newton.jpg","esa_banner_description":"XMM-Newton","esa_banner_credit":"ESA-C. Carreau","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/07\/XMM-Newton","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=181"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4345,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181\/revisions\/4345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}