{"id":1140,"date":"2004-11-19T09:43:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T08:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sailing_through_space\/"},"modified":"2026-10-09T11:30:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T09:30:53","slug":"sailing_through_space","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/sailing_through_space\/","title":{"rendered":"Vitorl\u00e1z\u00e1s az \u0171rben"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Eddig szinte minden \u0171rmisszi\u00f3ban k\u00e9miai \u00fczemanyaggal m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 rak\u00e9tahajt\u00f3m\u0171veket haszn\u00e1ltak. Sajnos ezek nem t\u00fal hat\u00e9konyak. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az ESA Rosetta \u0171rszond\u00e1j\u00e1nak ind\u00edt\u00e1si t\u00f6meg\u00e9nek t\u00f6bb mint a fele \u00fczemanyagb\u00f3l \u00e1llt.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Az ESA jelenleg azt vizsg\u00e1lja, hogyan lehetne cs\u00f6kkenteni a sz\u00e1ll\u00edtott \u00fczemanyag mennyis\u00e9g\u00e9t. Az egyik elk\u00e9pzel\u00e9s egy ionhajt\u00f3m\u0171, amely egy elektromos \u2018\u00e1gy\u00faval\u2019 l\u0151 ki g\u00e1zt az \u0171rbe.<\/p>\n

B\u00e1r a hajt\u00f3m\u0171 el\u0151re ir\u00e1nyul\u00f3 tol\u00f3ereje nagyon csek\u00e9ly, a sebess\u00e9g fokozatosan n\u00f6vekszik. V\u00e9g\u00fcl ez lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy az \u0171rhaj\u00f3 nagyon gyorsan haladjon.<\/p>\n

\"Artist's
A SMART-1 m\u0171v\u00e9szi \u00e1br\u00e1zol\u00e1sa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A SMART-1 a Hold fel\u00e9 tart\u00f3 \u00fatja sor\u00e1n sikeresen tesztelte az ionhajt\u00f3m\u0171vet. A hajt\u00f3m\u0171 minden felhaszn\u00e1lt kilogramm \u00fczemanyag ut\u00e1n t\u00edzszer nagyobb tol\u00f3er\u0151t fejlesztett, mint egy hagyom\u00e1nyos rak\u00e9tahajt\u00f3m\u0171.<\/p>\n

Az ESA olyan \u0171rhaj\u00f3kat is vizsg\u00e1l, amelyek hajt\u00f3m\u0171vek helyett napvitorl\u00e1kat haszn\u00e1lnak. A nagy, t\u00fck\u00f6rszer\u0171 vitorl\u00e1ra es\u0151 napf\u00e9ny k\u00e9pes lesz az \u0171rhaj\u00f3t m\u00e1s bolyg\u00f3k fel\u00e9 tolni. H\u00f3napok m\u00falva egy ilyen \u0171rhaj\u00f3 el\u00e9rheti a 360 000 km\/h sebess\u00e9get.<\/p>\n

Az \u00fczemanyag- \u00e9s s\u00falymegtakar\u00edt\u00e1s m\u00e1sik m\u00f3dja az, hogy a bolyg\u00f3 fels\u0151 l\u00e9gk\u00f6r\u00e9n kereszt\u00fcl rep\u00fclve lass\u00edtunk. Az ESA olyan \u0171rhaj\u00f3 \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t tervezi, amely ezzel az \u2018aerocapture\u2019 m\u00f3dszerrel \u00e1ll be a Mars k\u00f6r\u00fcli p\u00e1ly\u00e1ra.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Until now, nearly all space missions have used rocket motors that feed on chemical fuel. Unfortunately, these are not very efficient. For example, over half the launch weight of ESA’s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/04\/close-up_view_of_smart-1_s_stationary_plasma_thruster2\/17900310-2-eng-GB\/Close-up_view_of_SMART-1_s_stationary_plasma_thruster.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Close-up view of SMART-1's stationary plasma thruster","esa_banner_credit":"ESA 2002. Illustration by Medialab.","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/04\/Close-up_view_of_SMART-1_s_stationary_plasma_thruster2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,44,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-spacecraft","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1140"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4867,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1140\/revisions\/4867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}