{"id":999,"date":"2009-01-22T09:12:00","date_gmt":"2009-01-22T08:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fighting_pollution_by_tracking_trucks\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:41","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:41","slug":"fighting_pollution_by_tracking_trucks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/fighting_pollution_by_tracking_trucks\/","title":{"rendered":"Lutter contre la pollution gr\u00e2ce au suivi des camions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>De nombreuses voitures sont d\u00e9sormais \u00e9quip\u00e9es d'un GPS (Global Positioning System, syst\u00e8me de localisation par satellite) qui indique au conducteur comment se rendre d'un endroit A \u00e0 une destination B. Des syst\u00e8mes similaires peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour suivre les mouvements des v\u00e9hicules. L'un des derniers exemples en date est un syst\u00e8me de suivi par satellite qui emp\u00eache les d\u00e9charges ill\u00e9gales et r\u00e9duit la pollution. D\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 avec les poids-lourds de la r\u00e9gion Lombardie en Italie du Nord, ce syst\u00e8me surveille quotidiennement les mouvements de 100 camions transportant 200 conteneurs de d\u00e9chets industriels.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Le transport de d\u00e9chets industriels dangereux de l'endroit o\u00f9 ils sont produits vers les sites o\u00f9 ils seront trait\u00e9s augmente d'ann\u00e9e en ann\u00e9e. Les camions transportant des conteneurs remplis de d\u00e9chets circulent en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral \u00e0 travers plusieurs pays europ\u00e9ens sur des trajets parcourus en deux \u00e0 trois jours. De nombreux chauffeurs et soci\u00e9t\u00e9s sont tent\u00e9s de vider leur chargement sur le bas-c\u00f4t\u00e9, ce qui pollue les sols et les r\u00e9serves d'eau locales, et peut constituer un risque majeur pour la sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1280\" data-credit=\"Allix S.r.l.\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/01\/Trucks_monitored_to_street_level2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/01\/trucks_monitored_to_street_level2\/17878256-2-eng-GB\/Trucks_monitored_to_street_level.jpg\" alt=\"Trucks monitored to street level\"><figcaption>Suivi des camions au niveau de la rue<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Pour des raisons de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et pour assurer que tous les d\u00e9chets arrivent \u00e0 destination, une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 italienne a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 un syst\u00e8me qui utilise les donn\u00e9es-satellite pour suivre avec pr\u00e9cision les camions et les conteneurs. Cet ATS (Advanced Tracking System, syst\u00e8me de suivi avanc\u00e9) se compose d'un r\u00e9cepteur satellite qui capte les signaux des satellites de navigation et des stations au sol. Un ordinateur central re\u00e7oit des informations r\u00e9guli\u00e8res sur l'emplacement exact du camion et tout changement apport\u00e9 aux conteneurs qu'il transporte. Les \u00e9quipements install\u00e9s sur chaque conteneur en surveillent aussi l'\u00e9tat, la temp\u00e9rature, les d\u00e9placements, etc.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l'heure actuelle, le syst\u00e8me utilise des r\u00e9cepteurs GPS bon march\u00e9 traditionnels qui indiquent l'emplacement d'un camion avec une pr\u00e9cision de quelques m\u00e8tres pr\u00e8s. \u00c0 l'avenir, il sera \u00e9galement \u00e0 m\u00eame d'utiliser les donn\u00e9es encore plus pr\u00e9cises des satellites europ\u00e9ens du syst\u00e8me Galileo.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Many cars are now being fitted with satellite navigation devices, which tell the driver how to get from A to B. However, similar systems can also be used to follow [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/01\/000_dv3649622\/17908715-2-eng-GB\/000_DV364962.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"AFP","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/01\/000_DV3649622","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,43],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-999","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-protecting-earth","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=999"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4787,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999\/revisions\/4787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=999"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=999"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=999"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=999"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=999"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=999"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=999"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=999"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=999"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}