{"id":962,"date":"2006-01-20T13:09:00","date_gmt":"2006-01-20T12:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pluto\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:16","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:16","slug":"pluto","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/pluto\/","title":{"rendered":"Pluton"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Pluton a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverte en 1930 par Clyde Tombaugh, alors \u00e2g\u00e9 de seulement 24 ans, \u00e0 l'aide d'une machine de comparaison des photos de l'espace. Elle est bien plus petite que les plan\u00e8tes du syst\u00e8me solaire, m\u00eame plus petite que notre Lune.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Pluton d\u00e9crit une orbite elliptique (en forme d'\u0153uf), de sorte que sa distance au Soleil varie entre 7 381 millions de km (49 fois la distance de la Terre au Soleil) et 4 446 millions de km (30 fois la distance de la Terre au Soleil). Puisqu'il qu'il lui faut 248 ans pour effectuer une r\u00e9volution compl\u00e8te, quelqu'un n\u00e9 sur Pluton n'aurait jamais l'occasion de f\u00eater son premier anniversaire !<\/p>\n

On sait encore tr\u00e8s peu de Pluton. Sa surface est extr\u00eamement froide (-230 degr\u00e9s C) et semble \u00eatre recouverte de glaces. Depuis peu, Pluton se trouve relativement pr\u00e8s du Soleil et b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d'un court \u00e9t\u00e9. Les glaces superficielles se sont transform\u00e9es en une fine atmosph\u00e8re. Aujourd'hui, Pluton est en train de retourner dans les profondeurs glaciales du syst\u00e8me solaire et son atmosph\u00e8re sera bient\u00f4t gel\u00e9e \u00e0 nouveau.<\/p>\n

Pluton tourne \" \u00e0 l'envers \" (d'est en ouest) en 6 jours 9 heures. Sa plus grosse lune, Charon, emploie le m\u00eame temps pour tourner autour de Pluton, si bien qu'une h\u00e9misph\u00e8re de Pluton ne pourra jamais voir Charon. Deux lunes plus petites ont r\u00e9cemment \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvertes avec le t\u00e9lescope spatial Hubble.<\/p>\n

Pluton a tr\u00e8s longtemps \u00e9t\u00e9 consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la neuvi\u00e8me plan\u00e8te du syst\u00e8me solaire (m\u00eame si elle arrivait parfois plus pr\u00e8s du Soleil que Neptune). Aujourd'hui, elle est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une plan\u00e8te naine et comme l'un des plus gros membres de la ceinture de Kuiper, une famille d\u2019objets glac\u00e9s pr\u00e9sents au-del\u00e0 de l\u2019orbite de Neptune.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pluto was discovered in 1930 by 24 year-old Clyde Tombaugh, who was using a special machine to compare photos of the sky. It turned out to be a tiny world, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2006\/01\/pluto2\/17879328-2-eng-GB\/Pluto.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2006\/01\/Pluto2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=962"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2105,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962\/revisions\/2105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=962"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}