{"id":960,"date":"2006-09-21T14:41:00","date_gmt":"2006-09-21T12:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/arctic_ice_is_breaking_up\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:14","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:14","slug":"arctic_ice_is_breaking_up","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/arctic_ice_is_breaking_up\/","title":{"rendered":"Rupture de la glace dans l'oc\u00e9an Arctique"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Les calottes glaciaires permanentes existent aux p\u00f4les Nord et Sud depuis des millions d'ann\u00e9es. Mais des changements spectaculaires se produisent actuellement sur les sommets du monde. De nouvelles donn\u00e9es satellite ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que la mer de glace de l'Arctique est en train de fondre et de se briser.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Des images prises du 23 au 25 ao\u00fbt 2006 montrent pour la premi\u00e8re fois des br\u00e8ches spectaculaires dans la banquise permanente. Celles-ci s'\u00e9tendent de l'archipel du Svalbard \u00e0 travers l'Arctique russe jusqu'au p\u00f4le Nord, couvrant une superficie sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle des \u00eeles Britanniques.<\/p>\n<p>Sur les images radar du satellite Envisat de l'ESA, les fissures dans la glace sont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9es par les zones grises et noires. Le satellite Aqua de la NASA indique les zones de glace bris\u00e9e en jaune, orange et vert. En tout, pr\u00e8s de 5 \u00e0 10 % (soit pr\u00e8s d'un dixi\u00e8me) de la glace ayant r\u00e9sist\u00e9 \u00e0 l'\u00e9t\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 bris\u00e9 par les temp\u00eates d'ao\u00fbt.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1902\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2006\/09\/Arctic_ice_concentration_in_20062\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2006\/09\/arctic_ice_concentration_in_20062\/17878367-2-eng-GB\/Arctic_ice_concentration_in_2006.jpg\" alt=\"Arctic ice concentration in 2006\"><figcaption>Concentration de glace dans l'Arctique en 2006<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cCette situation n'a rien \u00e0 voir avec les ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes observ\u00e9s lors des pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes saisons de fonte des glaces,\u201d d\u00e9clare Mark Drinkwater de l'unit\u00e9 de surveillance des glaces et des oc\u00e9ans \u00e0 l'ESA.<\/p>\n<p>Selon lui, la glace a \u00e9t\u00e9 tellement fragment\u00e9e qu'un navire aurait pu naviguer sans encombre de la Sib\u00e9rie au p\u00f4le Nord \u2013 ce qui serait en temps normal absolument impossible. Le processus de gel de la mer n'a repris qu'au cours de ces derni\u00e8res semaines.<\/p>\n<p>Ces 25 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les satellites ont pu observer que la glace arctique r\u00e9tr\u00e9cit de plus en plus lors de la saison des fontes de l'\u00e9t\u00e9. Au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 80, la glace \u00e0 la fin de l'\u00e9t\u00e9 couvrait environ 8 millions de km carr\u00e9. L'an pass\u00e9 ce chiffre \u00e9tait pass\u00e9 \u00e0 moins de 5,5 millions de km carr\u00e9. Ces changements sont largement imput\u00e9s au r\u00e9chauffement de la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Permanent ice caps have existed at the North and South Poles for millions of years. But dramatic changes are taking place at the top of the world. New satellite surveys [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2006\/09\/svalbard_area_as_seen_by_envisat2\/17902419-2-eng-GB\/Svalbard_area_as_seen_by_Envisat.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Svalbard area as seen by Envisat","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2006\/09\/Svalbard_area_as_seen_by_Envisat2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[64,42,10],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-change","category-earth","category-learn"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/960","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=960"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/960\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4757,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/960\/revisions\/4757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=960"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=960"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=960"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=960"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=960"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=960"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=960"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=960"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=960"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=960"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}