{"id":958,"date":"2004-11-19T09:19:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T08:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/columbus\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:13","slug":"columbus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/columbus\/","title":{"rendered":"Colomb"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>La Station spatiale internationale (ISS) sert \u00e0 mener de nombreuses exp\u00e9riences scientifiques. Gr\u00e2ce aux conditions d'apesanteur qui r\u00e8gnent en orbite, les scientifiques peuvent \u00e9tudier de nombreux ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes qui ne peuvent pas \u00eatre facilement \u00e9tudi\u00e9s sur Terre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Le laboratoire Columbus constitue la principale contribution de l'ESA \u00e0 l'ISS. D'une longueur d'environ 6,5 m\u00e8tres et d'une largeur de 4,5 m\u00e8tres, ce laboratoire de forme cylindrique permet \u00e0 trois astronautes au maximum de travailler dans des conditions agr\u00e9ables, en manches courtes. Le long des parois se trouvent 16 racks destin\u00e9s aux exp\u00e9riences, au stockage et \u00e0 d'autres \u00e9quipements.<\/p>\n<p>Il s'agit notamment de :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Biolab, o\u00f9 s'effectuent des exp\u00e9riences sur les cultures de cellules, les petites plantes et animaux<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Un laboratoire de science des fluides o\u00f9 les scientifiques peuvent \u00e9tudier le comportement des liquides en impesanteur<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Une installation d\u2019\u00e9tude des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s des m\u00e9taux<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Des modules o\u00f9 les effets de la microgravit\u00e9 sur l\u2019homme sont \u00e9tudi\u00e9s<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>D\u2019autres exp\u00e9riences sont effectu\u00e9es sur des plates-formes situ\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur de Columbus. Certaines consistent \u00e0 exposer des \u00e9chantillons de diff\u00e9rents mat\u00e9riaux ou de bact\u00e9ries \u00e0 l\u2019environnement hostile de l\u2019espace. D\u2019autres prennent des photos de la Terre, du Soleil et des galaxies lointaines.<\/p>\n<p>Le module Columbus a \u00e9t\u00e9 achemin\u00e9 vers l'ISS par la navette Atlantis et arrim\u00e9 au module Harmony le 11 f\u00e9vrier 2008. Deux astronautes de l'ESA, le Fran\u00e7ais L\u00e9opold Eyharts et l'Allemand Hans Schlegel, se trouvaient \u00e0 bord pour installer et mettre en service le laboratoire. Schlegel a effectu\u00e9 deux sorties dans l'espace pour faciliter le transfert vers Harmony. Eyharts est rest\u00e9 \u00e0 bord de la Station pendant environ deux mois afin de tester les syst\u00e8mes de Columbus et de lancer ses premi\u00e8res exp\u00e9riences scientifiques. Pour plus d'informations sur Columbus, rendez-vous sur : <a href=\"http:\/\/www.esa.int\/columbus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.esa.int\/columbus<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The International Space Station (ISS) is used for many scientific experiments. Taking advantage of weightlessness conditions in orbit, scientists are able to study many things that cannot easily be studied [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2001\/11\/cutaway_view_of_columbus_laboratory2\/17865417-3-eng-GB\/Cutaway_view_of_Columbus_laboratory.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Cutaway view of Columbus laboratory","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\u2013D. 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