{"id":941,"date":"2004-12-16T08:24:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-16T07:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hurricanes2\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:01","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:01","slug":"hurricanes2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/hurricanes2\/","title":{"rendered":"Cyclones"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Les ouragans sont les temp\u00eates les plus terrifiantes sur Terre. Chaque \u00e9t\u00e9, ces \u00e9normes temp\u00eates tournantes se forment au-dessus de l\u2019oc\u00e9an atlantique chaud. Elles se d\u00e9placent vers l\u2019ouest et finissent par toucher le sol, d\u00e9truisant tout sur leur passage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Des vents de plus de 200 km\/h renversent des lignes \u00e9lectriques et \u00e9crasent des b\u00e2timents. Des vagues \u00e9normes et des pluies torrentielles causent souvent des inondations graves.<\/p>\n<p>Les cyclones pr\u00e9l\u00e8vent des quantit\u00e9s \u00e9normes d'\u00e9nergie et d'humidit\u00e9 lors de leur passage au-dessus des oc\u00e9ans chauds. Certains scientifiques pensent que le r\u00e9chauffement de la plan\u00e8te pourrait augmenter le nombre de cyclones ainsi que leur puissance.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ouragan le plus destructeur de ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es a \u00e9t\u00e9 Katrina, qui a frapp\u00e9 la partie sud des \u00c9tats-Unis en ao\u00fbt 2005. D\u2019\u00e9normes vagues et une pluie battante sont venues \u00e0 bout des d\u00e9fenses de la Nouvelle-Orl\u00e9ans, inondant la plus grande partie de la ville. Plus de 1 800 personnes y ont perdu la vie. Des millions d\u2019autres ont d\u00fb \u00eatre secourues et nombre d\u2019entre elles n\u2019ont jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 retrouv\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1121\" data-credit=\"ESA\/Brockmann Consult\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/09\/MERIS_image_of_Frances_passing_near_Haiti2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/09\/meris_image_of_frances_passing_near_haiti2\/17896386-2-eng-GB\/MERIS_image_of_Frances_passing_near_Haiti.jpg\" alt=\"MERIS image of Frances passing near Haiti\"><\/figure>\n<p>Un r\u00f4le essentiel des satellites consiste \u00e0 pr\u00e9venir avant l'arriv\u00e9e des cyclones, pour permettre l'\u00e9vacuation des populations et leur mise en s\u00e9curit\u00e9. L'engin spatial aide aussi les scientifiques \u00e0 savoir ce qui se passe \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur des trombes.<\/p>\n<p>Les satellites de l\u2019ESA, MetOP-A, ERS-2 et Envisat sont capables de suivre leurs d\u00e9placements impr\u00e9visibles et de les \u00e9tudier de mani\u00e8re approfondie. Les instruments d\u2019Envisat\u2019s fournissent des donn\u00e9es sur les nuages qui tourbillonnent autour de l\u2019\u0153il, au centre de la temp\u00eate. Ils permettent \u00e9galement de mesurer la force du vent autour de l\u2019\u0153il.<br \/>Parall\u00e8lement, le radar mesure les vents et les vagues au-dessus de l'oc\u00e9an. Le satellite mesure \u00e9galement la temp\u00e9rature des nuages sup\u00e9rieurs et de la surface de la mer, ainsi que les variations du niveau de la mer.<br \/>Toutes ces informations sont essentielles pour pr\u00e9voir le comportement de la temp\u00eate.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hurricanes are the most awesome storms on Earth. Every summer, these huge, rotating storms form over the warm Atlantic Ocean. As they drive westward and hit land, they leave a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/06\/hurricane3\/17909566-2-eng-GB\/Hurricane.jpeg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/06\/Hurricane3","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[64,42,10],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-941","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-change","category-earth","category-learn","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/941","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=941"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/941\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4751,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/941\/revisions\/4751"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=941"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=941"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=941"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=941"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=941"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=941"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=941"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=941"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=941"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=941"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}