{"id":939,"date":"2004-12-03T10:20:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/losing_the_ozone_layer\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:00","slug":"losing_the_ozone_layer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/losing_the_ozone_layer\/","title":{"rendered":"Perdre la couche d'ozone"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Avez-vous jamais souffert de coups de soleil? Cette br\u00fblure de la peau est caus\u00e9e par les rayons ultraviolets (UV) du soleil. Les br\u00fblures importantes sont non seulement douloureuses, mais peuvent aussi \u00eatre \u00e0 l'origine de cancers de la peau.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Heureusement, la presque totalit\u00e9 des rayons UV nocifs est absorb\u00e9e par une couche de gaz ozone situ\u00e9e entre 20 et 50 km au-dessus de la terre. Mais l'ozone est une forme d'oxyg\u00e8ne qui est facilement d\u00e9truite par certains produits chimiques de fabrication humaine.<\/p>\n

En 1987, les principaux pays industriels se sont engag\u00e9s \u00e0 ne plus utiliser ces produits chimiques. Malgr\u00e9 cela, les satellites r\u00e9v\u00e8lent que la couche d\u2019ozone a continu\u00e9 de r\u00e9tr\u00e9cir au-dessus de l\u2019Antarctique. Le trou dans la couche d\u2019ozone atteignait en 2000 la taille record d\u2019environ 30 millions de km2, soit l\u2019\u00e9quivalent approximatif de la taille de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord. En 2006, une quantit\u00e9 d\u2019ozone encore plus importante avait disparu de l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re, malgr\u00e9 un trou dont la taille s\u2019\u00e9tait quelque-peu referm\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Des trous plus petits dans l\u2019ozone sont \u00e9galement apparus au-dessus de l\u2019Arctique. Ceux-ci laissent passer plus de rayons UV qui atteignent des zones d\u2019Europe fortement peupl\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

\"Ozone
Pr\u00e9visions concernant le trou dans la couche d'ozone, d'aujourd'hui au 9 septembre<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Les satellites de l\u2019ESA, comme MetOp et Envisat, jouent un r\u00f4le d\u00e9terminant dans l\u2019\u00e9tude du trou de la couche d\u2019ozone. Ils permettent aux scientifiques de surveiller la taille de trou et d\u2019en savoir plus sur les raisons qui le font grossir ou r\u00e9tr\u00e9cir.<\/p>\n

Un instrument avanc\u00e9 embarqu\u00e9 sur MetOp-A, le premier satellite m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique europ\u00e9en en orbite polaire, surveille la couche d\u2019ozone et les polluants qui s\u2019y attaquent dans la haute atmosph\u00e8re.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Have you ever suffered from sunburn? This burning of the skin is caused by ultraviolet (UV) light from the Sun. Serious burning is not only painful, but it may cause […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/09\/ozone_sky2\/17877959-2-eng-GB\/ozone_sky.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/09\/ozone_sky2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[64,42,10],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-change","category-earth","category-learn","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=939"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4749,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/939\/revisions\/4749"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}