{"id":938,"date":"2004-12-03T09:34:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T08:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/rivers\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:59","slug":"rivers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/rivers\/","title":{"rendered":"Cours d'eau"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La plus grande partie de la population mondiale vit pr\u00e8s des cours d'eau. Ces personnes d\u00e9pendent des rivi\u00e8res ou des fleuves pour boire, laver, p\u00eacher et irriguer les cultures.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Dans les for\u00eats recul\u00e9es ou les d\u00e9serts, les cours d\u2019eau peuvent \u00eatre le moyen de d\u00e9placement le plus facile. Il est possible de construire des barrages pour \u00e9viter les inondations, pour irriguer les champs voisins ou pour produire de l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Sans contr\u00f4le des cours d'eau, les crues ou les inondations peuvent causer des catastrophes. Chaque ann\u00e9e, des millions de personnes souffrent du manque d\u2019eau ou de l'inondation de leur maison ou de leurs champs.<\/p>\n

M\u00eame en Europe, la crue des principaux fleuves menace la vie des gens et cause des d\u00e9g\u00e2ts colossaux dans les villes et les capagnes. En 2002, les pires inondations enregistr\u00e9es en Europe depuis longtemps ont caus\u00e9 plus de 7 milliards d\u2019euros de d\u00e9g\u00e2ts.<\/p>\n

Les satellites m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques Meteosat avertissent \u00e0 l'avance des pluies importantes de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 permettre de pr\u00e9parer des d\u00e9fenses contre les inondations. Les satellites Envisat et ERS-2 de l'ESA facilitent le travail des \u00e9quipes de secours en fournissant jour et nuit des images des r\u00e9gions inond\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

\"Water<\/figure>\n

Les satellites indiquent aussi les meilleurs sites pour creuser des puits, les quantit\u00e9s d\u2019eau disponibles dans le sol et si le niveau des cours d\u2019eau monte ou descend. Ces indications sont pr\u00e9cieuses dans les pays pauvres o\u00f9 ces informations sont difficiles \u00e0 obtenir.<\/p>\n

Depuis 2002, Le programme TIGER de l'ESA aide, par exemple, de nombreux pays africains \u00e0 surveiller leurs rivi\u00e8res et mar\u00e9cages afin d\u2019exploiter au mieux l'eau disponible.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Most of the world\u2019s population live near rivers. They depend on rivers for drinking, washing, fishing and watering crops. In remote forests or deserts, rivers may be the easiest way […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/08\/water_flows_through_dam_diversion_holes2\/18249990-2-eng-GB\/Water_flows_through_dam_diversion_holes.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"Associated Press, XINHUA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/08\/Water_flows_through_dam_diversion_holes2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,66],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-938","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-water-world","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/938","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=938"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/938\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4748,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/938\/revisions\/4748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=938"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=938"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}