{"id":930,"date":"2004-11-15T13:33:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T12:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/in_the_beginning\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:53","slug":"in_the_beginning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/in_the_beginning\/","title":{"rendered":"Au commencement"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Tout ce qui vit respire, se nourrit, grandit et se reproduit. Cela vaut pour les simples bact\u00e9ries monocellulaires, comme pour les plantes, les oiseaux, les animaux et les humains. La Terre est la seule plan\u00e8te dont nous savons qu'elle abrite la vie. Personne ne sait comment la vie est apparue. Il semble qu'elle soit le fait de la r\u00e9union de certains compos\u00e9s chimiques. Mais ce qui a transform\u00e9 ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments en formes vivantes reste un myst\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

L'\u00e9tude des roches anciennes a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que la vie \u00e9tait apparue sur terre il y a pr\u00e8s de 3.800 millions d'ann\u00e9es. A cette \u00e9poque, la Terre \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s peu accueillante. L'air \u00e9tait dense et nocif. Les com\u00e8tes et les m\u00e9t\u00e9orites pleuvaient sur la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n

La jeune Terre \u00e9tait un monde d\u2019eau dot\u00e9 de rares parcelles de terre s\u00e8che. De nombreux scientifiques pensent que la vie est n\u00e9e dans les lacs et les oc\u00e9ans. Nombre des ingr\u00e9dients \u00e0 partir desquels la vie a pu commencer, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par des com\u00e8tes et des m\u00e9t\u00e9orites.<\/p>\n

\"Did
La vie a-t-elle vu le jour dans les oc\u00e9ans ?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La vie a-t-elle vu le jour dans les oc\u00e9ans ?<\/p>\n

La lumi\u00e8re et les ultra-violets provenant du Soleil ont peut-\u00eatre divis\u00e9 les gaz riches en hydrog\u00e8ne pr\u00e9sents dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re. L\u2019\u00e9nergie a pu aussi provenir de sources chaudes des fonds marins, appel\u00e9s \u00ab fumeurs noirs \u00bb. Avec le temps, les compos\u00e9s chimiques simples se sont agglom\u00e9r\u00e9s et ont form\u00e9 des compos\u00e9s chimiques plus grands et plus complexes.<\/p>\n

Une fois ces substances chimiques accumul\u00e9es dans les oc\u00e9ans ou les lacs, elles ont form\u00e9 une \u2018 soupe organique \u2019. Un jour, un accident s'est produit. Une mol\u00e9cule a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 se reproduire. La vie \u00e9tait apparue sur Terre.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Living things breathe, feed, grow and leave offspring. They range from the simplest single-celled bacteria to plants, birds, animals and humans. Earth is the only world we know that supports […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/04\/old_picture_shows_a_meteor_shower_on_13_november_18332\/18247733-2-eng-GB\/Old_picture_shows_a_meteor_shower_on_13_November_1833.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Old picture shows a meteor shower on 13 November 1833","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/04\/Old_picture_shows_a_meteor_shower_on_13_November_18332","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,19],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-930","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-story-of-the-universe","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=930"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4744,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930\/revisions\/4744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=930"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=930"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}