{"id":920,"date":"2004-11-15T15:48:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T14:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/titan\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:47","slug":"titan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/titan\/","title":{"rendered":"Titan"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Titan est plus grand que la plan\u00e8te Mercure. C'est \u00e9galement la deuxi\u00e8me plus grande lune du syst\u00e8me solaire, et la seule \u00e0 poss\u00e9der une atmosph\u00e8re dense. Tout comme sur Terre, le gaz principal est l'azote, mais Titan est beaucoup plus froid. Sa surface est gel\u00e9e \u00e0 moins 180 degr\u00e9s Celsius. S'il faisait plus chaud, Titan pourrait peut-\u00eatre abriter la vie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Comme sur la Terre, le gaz principal est l'azote, mais Titan est bien plus froide. Sa surface est profond\u00e9ment gel\u00e9e \u00e0 \u2013180\u00b0C. Si elle se r\u00e9chauffait, Titan pourrait abriter de la vie.<\/p>\n

\"Titan's
Premier gros plan de Titan<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le 14 janvier 2005, la sonde Huygens de l\u2019ESA a effectu\u00e9 un atterrissage historique sur Titan. Au cours de sa descente de deux heures et demie, Huygens a \u00e9t\u00e9 pouss\u00e9e vers l\u2019est par des vents en altitude soufflant \u00e0 plus de 100 km\/h. Les vents ont chang\u00e9 de direction \u00e0 une altitude de 7 km, entra\u00eenant doucement Huygens vers l'ouest pendant les derni\u00e8res minutes de la descente. Huygens a d\u00e9couvert un paysage glac\u00e9 marqu\u00e9 par des canaux sombres serpentant vers un \u2018 rivage \u2019 lisse.<\/p>\n

L'atmosph\u00e8re de Titan contient environ 5 % de m\u00e9thane. L\u2019action des rayons du Soleil sur le m\u00e9thane cr\u00e9e un \u00e9pais brouillard orange (sur Terre, le m\u00e9thane est utilis\u00e9 dans les chaudi\u00e8res et les cuisini\u00e8res.) Les pluies de m\u00e9thane remplissent parfois les lits ass\u00e9ch\u00e9s des canaux, cr\u00e9ant ainsi des rivi\u00e8res temporaires qui creusent la surface et transportent des mat\u00e9riaux dans les plaines avoisinantes.<\/p>\n

Au cours de plus de 70 survols de Titan, le radar et les instruments infrarouges de Cassini en ont cartographi\u00e9 presque toute la surface. Ils y ont d\u00e9cel\u00e9 des caract\u00e9ristiques \u00e9tranges, notamment d\u2019immenses dunes d\u2019hydrocarbure, du sable, des cha\u00eenes de montagnes, des lacs de m\u00e9thane et d\u2019\u00e9ventuels volcans de glace. (Les hydrocarbures sont compos\u00e9s d\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne et de carbone. Sur Terre, il s\u2019agirait par exemple de charbon, de suie et de goudron.)<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Titan is larger than the planet Mercury. It is also the second largest moon in the Solar System, and the only moon with a dense atmosphere. Just as on Earth, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/10\/huygens_probe_descending_through_titan_s_atmosphere4\/18244995-2-eng-GB\/Huygens_probe_descending_through_Titan_s_atmosphere.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Huygens probe descending through Titan's atmosphere","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/10\/Huygens_probe_descending_through_Titan_s_atmosphere4","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/920","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=920"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/920\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4740,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/920\/revisions\/4740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=920"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=920"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}