{"id":901,"date":"2011-04-01T12:18:00","date_gmt":"2011-04-01T10:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/space_station_science\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:33","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:33","slug":"space_station_science","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/space_station_science\/","title":{"rendered":"Science de la Station spatiale"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La construction de la Station spatiale internationale, le plus gros objet ayant jamais orbit\u00e9 autour de la Terre, touche \u00e0 sa fin. La Station peut d\u00e9sormais accueillir six membres de l\u2019\u00e9quipage qui vivent et travaillent \u00e0 bord, mais les occasions de se d\u00e9tendre et d\u2019admirer la vue sont rares. Chaque astronaute a un emploi du temps charg\u00e9 qui consiste \u00e0 surveiller et \u00e0 effectuer des exp\u00e9riences scientifiques.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

La plupart des exp\u00e9riences europ\u00e9ennes se d\u00e9roulent dans le laboratoire Columbus de l\u2019ESA, o\u00f9 des b\u00e2tis sp\u00e9cialement pr\u00e9vus \u00e0 cet effet ont \u00e9t\u00e9 install\u00e9s. L\u2019un des domaines qui suscitent le plus d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat est la recherche biologique. Comment et pourquoi la gravit\u00e9 influence-t-elle la croissance et le d\u00e9veloppement des organismes ?<\/p>\n

\"Refrigerated
Centrifugeuse r\u00e9frig\u00e9r\u00e9e HRF-2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le laboratoire Biolab de l\u2019ESA sert aux exp\u00e9riences portant sur les micro-organismes, les cultures de cellules et de tissus, les plantes de petite taille et les petits invert\u00e9br\u00e9s, comme les vers et les \u00e9crevisses.<\/p>\n

Les scientifiques peuvent y \u00e9tudier le comportement de diff\u00e9rents mat\u00e9riaux en microgravit\u00e9, comme la croissance de gros cristaux et le m\u00e9lange de diff\u00e9rents m\u00e9taux en fusion pour la recherche de nouveaux alliages. Sur Terre, les liquides plus denses descendent et les liquides plus chauds s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8vent, mais cela n\u2019est pas vrai dans l\u2019espace. M\u00eame la mousse et les flammes se forment et se comportent diff\u00e9remment dans l\u2019espace.<\/p>\n

Certaines exp\u00e9riences sont men\u00e9es en dehors de Columbus, \u00e0 l\u2019air libre. En effet, trois instruments s\u2019affairent depuis trois ans \u00e0 mesurer le rendement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique du Soleil. Leurs donn\u00e9es sont importantes car les changements de l\u2019activit\u00e9 solaire peuvent influer sur le climat sur Terre. Divers mat\u00e9riaux peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre expos\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019environnement spatial hostile \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur de la Station.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Construction of the International Space Station, the largest object ever to orbit Earth, is now almost completed. Although up to six crew are now able to live and work on […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2010\/12\/setting_up_an_experiment_in_the_european_columbus_laboratory2\/17886322-2-eng-GB\/Setting_up_an_experiment_in_the_European_Columbus_laboratory.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Setting up an experiment in the European Columbus laboratory","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2010\/12\/Setting_up_an_experiment_in_the_European_Columbus_laboratory2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,13,27],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-901","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-life-in-space","category-space-stations"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/901","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=901"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/901\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4730,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/901\/revisions\/4730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=901"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=901"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=901"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=901"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=901"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=901"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=901"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=901"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=901"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=901"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}