{"id":898,"date":"2008-04-24T13:12:00","date_gmt":"2008-04-24T11:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/mars_radar_pioneers_3d_views_of_planets\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:31","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:31","slug":"mars_radar_pioneers_3d_views_of_planets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/mars_radar_pioneers_3d_views_of_planets\/","title":{"rendered":"Le radar de Mars envoie les premi\u00e8res vues en 3D des plan\u00e8tes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Superman pouvait peut-\u00eatre voir \u00e0 travers les murs gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 sa vision aux rayons X, mais les scientifiques europ\u00e9ens ont mis au point un syst\u00e8me encore plus \u00e9patant. Avec le radar sondeur MARSIS embarqu\u00e9 sur la sonde Mars Express de l'ESA, ils arrivent \u00e0 voir \u00e0 travers des kilom\u00e8tres d'\u00e9paisseur de glace ou de roche.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Jusque-l\u00e0, nous ne pouvions qu'explorer la surface d'une plan\u00e8te. Le seul moyen d'obtenir des informations sur les conditions souterraines, \u00e9tait d'atterrir sur la surface et de creuser ou percer. Mais ces m\u00e9thodes ne pouvaient atteindre qu'une profondeur d'environ 50 cm et ne permettaient de sonder qu'un seul site d'une plan\u00e8te enti\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p>MARSIS, le premier radar sondeur \u00e0 se d\u00e9placer en orbite autour d'un autre monde, a prouv\u00e9 qu'il \u00e9tait possible de scruter au-del\u00e0 de la surface de toute une plan\u00e8te depuis sa position orbitale. Maintenant, comprenant mieux les capacit\u00e9s du radar sondeur, l'\u00e9quipe de MARSIS \u00e9voque la possibilit\u00e9 d'aller explorer d'autres objets du syst\u00e8me solaire.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"Jason Craig\/JPL\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2008\/04\/Radar_sounding_is_opening_up_a_planet_s_third_dimension2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2008\/04\/radar_sounding_is_opening_up_a_planet_s_third_dimension2\/17893129-2-eng-GB\/Radar_sounding_is_opening_up_a_planet_s_third_dimension.jpg\" alt=\"Radar sounding is opening up a planet\u2019s third dimension\"><figcaption>Le sondage radar permet de r\u00e9v\u00e9ler la troisi\u00e8me dimension d'une plan\u00e8te<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>La lune de Jupiter, Europa, est un des endroits o\u00f9 une exp\u00e9rience du type de celle men\u00e9e par MARSIS pourrait bien aboutir \u00e0 de formidables d\u00e9couvertes. On dit qu'Europa cache un oc\u00e9an (avec des \u00eatres vivants ?) sous son \u00e9paisse cro\u00fbte de glace. Le radar pourrait \u00e9galement mesurer les profondeurs des lacs d'hydrocarbures de Titan, la lune de Saturne. Il pourrait aussi \u00e9tudier les gigantesques geysers d'Enceladus, une autre lune de Saturne, qui explosent dans l'espace.<\/p>\n<p>L'int\u00e9rieur des ast\u00e9ro\u00efdes et des com\u00e8tes n'aurait plus de secret pour un radar sondeur de ce type. Ici, sur Terre, la technologie MARSIS serait tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cieuse pour \u00e9tudier les calottes glaciaires. Pour la premi\u00e8re fois et gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la vision per\u00e7ante du radar, se pr\u00e9sente l'opportunit\u00e9 de r\u00e9aliser des \u00e9tudes tridimensionnelles.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"ESA (Animation by AOES Medialab)\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2005\/11\/MARSIS_sending_signals_and_receiving_echoes2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2005\/11\/marsis_sending_signals_and_receiving_echoes2\/17890983-2-eng-GB\/MARSIS_sending_signals_and_receiving_echoes.jpg\" alt=\"MARSIS sending signals and receiving echoes\"><figcaption>MARSIS \u00e9met des signaux et re\u00e7oit des \u00e9chos<\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Superman may have been able to see through walls with his X-ray vision, but European scientists have developed an even more remarkable ability. With the MARSIS radar sounder on ESA\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2008\/04\/marsis_fully_deployed2\/17875888-2-eng-GB\/MARSIS_fully_deployed.jpg","esa_banner_description":"MARSIS fully deployed","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2008\/04\/MARSIS_fully_deployed2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=898"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4728,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/898\/revisions\/4728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=898"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=898"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=898"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=898"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=898"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=898"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=898"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}