{"id":892,"date":"2007-09-21T10:08:00","date_gmt":"2007-09-21T08:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/disappearing_arctic_ice\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:27","slug":"disappearing_arctic_ice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/disappearing_arctic_ice\/","title":{"rendered":"Disparition annonc\u00e9e de la glace arctique"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Depuis plus de 500 ans, les navigateurs cherchent un corridor libre de glace entre les \u00eeles arctiques et le grand Nord canadien. De nombreux explorateurs ont trouv\u00e9 la mort dans leur qu\u00eate d'un passage du Nord-Ouest reliant l'Atlantique au Pacifique. Mais voil\u00e0, la calotte glaciaire arctique fond de plus en plus rapidement. De nouvelles images radar provenant du satellite Envisat de l'ESA montrent que l'\u00e9tendue de glace de mer de l'Arctique est \u00e0 son plus bas niveau depuis les premi\u00e8res mesures faites par satellites, il y a pr\u00e8s de 30 ans. En r\u00e9sulte une ouverture provisoire de ce passage Nord-Ouest pr\u00e9alablement infranchissable.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

L'\u00e9tendue de la mer arctique augmente au cours de l'hiver avant de diminuer pendant l'\u00e9t\u00e9 septentrional. Toutefois, le taux de perte estivale ne fait que cro\u00eetre. Une mosa\u00efque de pr\u00e8s de 200 images prises par Envisat d\u00e9but septembre a montr\u00e9 que le passage du Nord-Ouest \u00e9tait enti\u00e8rement navigable, tandis que le passage du Nord-Est, le long des c\u00f4tes sib\u00e9riennes, \u00e9tait seulement partiellement ferm\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"A
Une partie du passage du Nord-Ouest libre de glace en 2007<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le scientifique danois Leif Toudal Pedersen a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 : \u201c Nous avons constat\u00e9 que la superficie recouverte de glace est tomb\u00e9e \u00e0 environ 3 millions de km\u00b2, soit environ 1 million de km\u00b2 de moins qu\u2019en 2005 et 2006. Au cours des dix derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, la couverture de glace a diminu\u00e9 en moyenne d\u2019environ 100 000 km\u00b2 par an ; une baisse d\u2019un million de km\u00b2 en une seule ann\u00e9e est donc un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne extr\u00eame. \u201d<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

For more than 500 years, navigators have been seeking an ice-free route between the Arctic islands of northern Canada. Many explorers died in the quest to find a Northwest Passage […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2007\/09\/2007_envisat_mosaic_of_arctic_ocean2\/17878848-2-eng-GB\/2007_Envisat_mosaic_of_Arctic_Ocean.jpg","esa_banner_description":"2007 Envisat mosaic of Arctic Ocean","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2007\/09\/2007_Envisat_mosaic_of_Arctic_Ocean2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[64,42,10],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-change","category-earth","category-learn"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=892"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4724,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/892\/revisions\/4724"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=892"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=892"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=892"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=892"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=892"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=892"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=892"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}