{"id":890,"date":"2007-08-27T09:08:00","date_gmt":"2007-08-27T07:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/killer_storm_tracked_from_space\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:26","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:26","slug":"killer_storm_tracked_from_space","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/killer_storm_tracked_from_space\/","title":{"rendered":"La temp\u00eate d\u00e9vastatrice est suivie depuis l'espace"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Les ouragans sont les pires temp\u00eates qui soient. N\u00e9es sur les eaux chaudes de l\u2019oc\u00e9an atlantique tropical, les \u00e9normes spirales fraient leur chemin de destruction vers l\u2019Ouest. Cette ann\u00e9e, le plus violent a \u00e9t\u00e9 l\u2019ouragan Dean, qui a souffl\u00e9 sur le Mexique apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00e9vast\u00e9 les \u00eeles Cara\u00efbes. Les satellites de l\u2019ESA ont suivi cette temp\u00eate dont les vents de 260 km\/h ont soulev\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9normes vagues et aplati des b\u00e2timents. Au moins huit personnes sont mortes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Il est capital de conna\u00eetre la force et la trajectoire des ouragans pour \u00e9mettre des alertes. Heureusement, des satellites comme Envisat et ERS-2 de l\u2019ESA facilitent d\u00e9sormais l\u2019\u00e9tude de ces temp\u00eates impr\u00e9visibles. Leurs radars et instruments optiques peuvent surveiller les variations de la structure des nuages, des vents et des vagues, de la temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 la surface de la mer et de la hauteur de cette surface.<\/p>\n

Les instruments optiques d\u2019Envisat montrent le sommet des nuages tourbillonnants, alors que les radars r\u00e9v\u00e8lent \u00e0 travers les nuages comment les vents fouettent les vagues de l\u2019oc\u00e9an. Les impulsions radar de l\u2019altim\u00e8tre mesurent la hauteur de la surface de la mer avec une pr\u00e9cision de quelques centim\u00e8tres. Le diffusiom\u00e8tre radar du satellite ERS-2, dont les r\u00e9sultats ne sont pratiquement pas affect\u00e9s par une forte pluie, est particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9cieux. Il peut renvoyer des donn\u00e9es sur la vitesse et la direction du vent \u00e0 la surface de l\u2019oc\u00e9an depuis le c\u0153ur des temp\u00eates les plus violentes.<\/p>\n

Les ouragans s\u2019alimentant d\u2019air chaud et humide, les informations sur la temp\u00e9rature de la mer sont particuli\u00e8rement importantes pour les pr\u00e9visionnistes. Parmi les instruments d\u2019Envisat figure un thermom\u00e8tre fonctionnant \u00e0 partir de l\u2019espace et mesurant la temp\u00e9rature de la surface de la mer avec une pr\u00e9cision d'une fraction de degr\u00e9. Alors que Dean est en train de s\u2019apaiser, les yeux de l\u2019ESA scrutent d\u00e9j\u00e0 depuis le ciel les signes d\u2019une prochaine temp\u00eate d\u00e9vastatrice.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hurricanes are the most awesome storms on Earth. Developing over the warm waters of the tropical Atlantic Ocean, the huge spirals drive westward, leaving a trail of destruction. The most […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2007\/08\/dean_leaving_martinique2\/17874556-2-eng-GB\/Dean_leaving_Martinique.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Dean leaving Martinique","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2007\/08\/Dean_leaving_Martinique2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=890"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2033,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/890\/revisions\/2033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}