{"id":878,"date":"2005-09-09T13:37:00","date_gmt":"2005-09-09T11:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cryosat_europe_s_ice_explorer\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:18","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:18","slug":"cryosat_europe_s_ice_explorer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/cryosat_europe_s_ice_explorer\/","title":{"rendered":"Cryosat : l\u2019explorateur de glaciers europ\u00e9en"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La plupart des scientifiques s'accordent pour dire que notre plan\u00e8te se r\u00e9chauffe. Les 10 premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es de ce si\u00e8cle ont \u00e9t\u00e9 les plus chaudes jamais enregistr\u00e9es. Mais qu'en est-il des calottes glaciaires polaires ? La glace est-elle en train de fondre ? Si c'est le cas, quel effet cela aura-t-il sur le climat mondial et le niveau de la mer?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Un satellite europ\u00e9en est capable d\u00e9sormais d\u2019apporter des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de r\u00e9ponse. Lanc\u00e9 le 8 avril 2010, Cryosat gravite au-dessus des p\u00f4les \u00e0 une altitude de 720 km.<\/p>\n

Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un instrument radar tr\u00e8s sophistiqu\u00e9, Cryosat mesure la moindre variation de l\u2019\u00e9paisseur de glace. Il envoie pour cela des signaux radio qui rebondissent \u00e0 la surface et capte leurs \u00e9chos. Si les \u00e9chos rebondissent plus rapidement, cela signifie que la surface de glace est plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Cryosat est capable de d\u00e9tecter des variations de moins de 2 cm par an dans la hauteur de la glace flottant sur l\u2019oc\u00e9an Arctique. Par-dessus l\u2019immense calotte glaciaire de l\u2019Antarctique, il parvient \u00e0 mesurer des variations annuelles de moins de 2 mm.<\/p>\n

Ces donn\u00e9es aideront les scientifiques \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer si la glace de l'oc\u00e9an Arctique est en train de se d\u00e9tacher et de fondre. Elles montreront \u00e9galement si les calottes glaciaires qui couvrent les masses continentales de l'Antarctique et les mers avoisinantes grandissent ou rapetissent.<\/p>\n

Ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments sont cruciaux car la fonte de la calotte signifie que le niveau des oc\u00e9ans risque de s\u2019\u00e9lever, ce qui repr\u00e9sente un grave danger d'inondation pour les villes et pays situ\u00e9s en terres basses.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Most scientists agree that our planet is getting warmer. The first 10 years of this century were the warmest decade on record. This is likely to cause important changes to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2005\/06\/artist_s_impression_of_cryosat_in_orbit2\/17878071-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_CryoSat_in_orbit.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Artist's impression of CryoSat in orbit","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/AOES Medialab","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2005\/06\/Artist_s_impression_of_CryoSat_in_orbit2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[64,42,10],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-change","category-earth","category-learn"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/878","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=878"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/878\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2021,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/878\/revisions\/2021"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=878"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=878"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=878"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=878"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=878"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=878"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=878"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=878"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=878"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=878"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}