{"id":864,"date":"2011-07-05T08:20:00","date_gmt":"2011-07-05T06:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/exercise\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:08","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:08","slug":"exercise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/exercise\/","title":{"rendered":"Exercice"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Si vous n\u2019aimez pas faire de l\u2019exercice, alors la vie \u00e0 bord d\u2019une station spatiale n\u2019est pas faite pour vous. Chaque membre de l\u2019\u00e9quipage de la Station spatiale internationale (ISS) passe jusqu\u2019\u00e0 deux heures par jour sur des machines d\u2019entra\u00eenement. Tous ces efforts sont essentiels pour contrebalancer le d\u00e9clin physique constat\u00e9 lors des s\u00e9jours prolong\u00e9s dans l\u2019espace. Cela aide \u00e9galement les astronautes \u00e0 se r\u00e9adapter plus facilement \u00e0 la gravit\u00e9 normale, une fois de retour sur Terre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Les os, le c\u0153ur et les poumons, les muscles et les organes subissent des changements en condition d\u2019impesanteur, notamment la perte de calcium dans les os et l\u2019affaiblissement du c\u0153ur qui n\u2019a plus \u00e0 contrebalancer l\u2019effet de la gravit\u00e9 pour acheminer le sang partout dans le corps. Plus un astronaute passe de temps dans l\u2019espace, plus les changements sont visibles.<\/p>\n

Les m\u00e9decins sur Terre contr\u00f4lent la forme physique de l\u2019\u00e9quipage et \u00e9valuent l\u2019ampleur des changements. Ils peuvent demander \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipage de modifier son programme d\u2019exercices, si besoin est. Plusieurs machines d\u2019entra\u00eenement se trouvent \u00e0 bord de l\u2019ISS \u00e0 l\u2019usage des astronautes, notamment deux tapis roulants, un appareil d\u2019exercice de r\u00e9sistance et un v\u00e9lo ergom\u00e8tre. Dans tous les cas, les astronautes doivent s\u2019attacher \u00e0 la machine pour ne pas flotter dans les airs.<\/p>\n

Les tapis roulants servent \u00e0 simuler la marche et la course en condition de gravit\u00e9 normale. Le v\u00e9lo peut servir \u00e0 faire travailler les bras et les jambes, tandis que l\u2019appareil de r\u00e9sistance rappelle l\u2019halt\u00e9rophilie. Ce mat\u00e9riel permet aux astronautes d\u2019effectuer une s\u00e9rie d\u2019exercices physiques tout en \u00e9tant retenus par des sangles \u00e9lastiques. Un ordinateur portable contr\u00f4le les battements du c\u0153ur et tout autre signe vital pendant l\u2019utilisation des machines.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

If you don\u2019t like exercise, then life on a space station is not for you! Each crew member on the International Space Station (ISS) will spend up to two hours […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/10\/frank_de_winne_exercises_on_the_colbert_treadmilll2\/17886544-2-eng-GB\/Frank_De_Winne_exercises_on_the_COLBERT_treadmilll.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"NASA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/10\/Frank_De_Winne_exercises_on_the_COLBERT_treadmilll2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,13,63],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-864","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-life-in-space","category-living-in-space","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/864","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=864"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/864\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2007,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/864\/revisions\/2007"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=864"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=864"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=864"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=864"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=864"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=864"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=864"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=864"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=864"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=864"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}