{"id":853,"date":"2004-12-02T07:58:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T06:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/olympus_and_artemis\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:00","slug":"olympus_and_artemis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/olympus_and_artemis\/","title":{"rendered":"Olympus et Artemis"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

L'ESA travaille sur les communications par satellite depuis les ann\u00e9es 70. D\u00e8s 1980, son 'Orbital Test Satellite' assurait des liaisons vid\u00e9o entre des groupes en Allemagne et au Royaume-Uni. Il a aussi permis de passer des appels t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques d'urgence apr\u00e8s la destruction du syst\u00e8me au sol par un incendie \u00e0 Lyon.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Peu apr\u00e8s, un satellite appel\u00e9 Marecs a inaugur\u00e9 une r\u00e9volution dans les t\u00e9l\u00e9communications mobiles. Plut\u00f4t que d'utiliser des radios \u00e0 ondes courtes \u00e0 fiabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e, il devenait possible d'utiliser des t\u00e9l\u00e9phones par satellite pour appeler la terre depuis un bateau.<\/p>\n

A la fin des ann\u00e9es 80 et dans les ann\u00e9es 90, quatre satellites ECS ont \u00e9t\u00e9 lanc\u00e9s. Chacun pouvait g\u00e9rer 12 000 lignes t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques et 10 cha\u00eenes de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision dans toute l'Europe.<\/p>\n

Les avanc\u00e9es en diffusion directe depuis les satellites jusqu'aux paraboles sur les toits sont venues du satellite Olympus de l'ESA en 1989. Olympus a aussi assur\u00e9 le premier transfert de donn\u00e9es entre deux satellites.<\/p>\n

\"Artemis\"
Art\u00e9mis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Les derni\u00e8res \u00e9volutions viennent d'un satellite appel\u00e9 Artemis. Le 30 novembre 2001, celui-ci a permis d'assurer la premi\u00e8re transmission d'images sur un faisceau laser. Des images parfaites ont \u00e9t\u00e9 transmises depuis le satellite SPOT 4, en orbite \u00e0 832 km d'altitude, vers Artemis, \u00e0 31 000 km de la Terre.<\/p>\n

Aujourd'hui, Artemis permet de transmettre des images et des quantit\u00e9s \u00e9normes de donn\u00e9es depuis Envisat vers le centre de l'ESA situ\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de Rome.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ESA has been working on satellite communications since the 1970s. As early as 1980, its Orbital Test Satellite was being used for video links between groups in Germany and the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/09\/artist_s_impression_of_olympus_in_orbit2\/17865897-3-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_Olympus_in_orbit.gif","esa_banner_description":"Artist's impression of Olympus in orbit","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/09\/Artist_s_impression_of_Olympus_in_orbit2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/853","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=853"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/853\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4708,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/853\/revisions\/4708"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=853"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=853"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=853"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=853"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=853"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=853"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=853"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=853"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=853"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=853"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}