{"id":842,"date":"2009-03-05T08:56:00","date_gmt":"2009-03-05T07:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/electronic_nose_sniffs_health_hazards\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:53","slug":"electronic_nose_sniffs_health_hazards","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/electronic_nose_sniffs_health_hazards\/","title":{"rendered":"Un nez \u00e9lectronique capable de sentir les dangers"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Un syst\u00e8me avanc\u00e9 de \"nez \u00e9lectronique\", mis au point \u00e0 l'origine pour contr\u00f4ler la qualit\u00e9 de l'air \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur des stations spatiales, est d\u00e9sormais utilis\u00e9 pour sauver des vies sur Terre. Le syst\u00e8me a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s lors de deux missions de l'ESA \u00e0 destination de la Station spatiale Mir en 1995 et en 1997. Il s'est av\u00e9r\u00e9 tr\u00e8s efficace lorsqu'il a \"senti\" les premiers signes d'un incendie \u00e0 bord qui aurait pu avoir des cons\u00e9quences tragiques.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Le nez \u00e9lectronique est compos\u00e9 de trois \u00e9l\u00e9ments. Un capteur tr\u00e8s sophistiqu\u00e9 d\u00e9tecte les infimes quantit\u00e9s de substances inhabituelles dans l'air. Une micro-puce reconna\u00eet ces contaminants. Enfin, un logiciel de traitement d\u00e9clenche une alarme si ces derniers s'av\u00e8rent \u00eatre dangereux.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"MST Aerospace \/ EADS RST Rostock System-Technik\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/03\/Electronic_nose2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/03\/electronic_nose2\/18249657-2-eng-GB\/Electronic_nose.jpg\" alt=\"Electronic nose\"><figcaption>Nez \u00e9lectronique<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, des ing\u00e9nieurs allemands et su\u00e9dois, avec le soutien de l\u2019ESA, ont mis au point ce syst\u00e8me destin\u00e9 \u00e0 des applications industrielles. Il a ainsi \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en service en tant que syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9tection d\u2019incendie afin d\u2019assurer une alerte pr\u00e9coce en cas d\u2019incendie dans le r\u00e9seau de m\u00e9tro de Stockholm. Capable de d\u00e9tecter les premiers signes de fum\u00e9e dans les 56 stations de m\u00e9tro et les 60 km de tunnels de la ville, ce \u00ab nez \u00e9lectronique \u00bb est bien moins sensible \u00e0 l\u2019humidit\u00e9 et aux particules fines que les syst\u00e8mes de d\u00e9tection pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents.<\/p>\n<p>Le syst\u00e8me a \u00e9galement fait ses preuves en tant que syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9tection rapide de microbes dans les \u00e9tablissements hospitaliers. La d\u00e9tection rapide des virus et des infections est vitale pour sauver la vie des patients qui ont re\u00e7u un transplant d'organe ou qui sont dans les services de soins intensifs. Les bact\u00e9ries et les champignons dans l'air pr\u00e9sentent un \u00e9norme risque d'infection pour les patients sous assistance respiratoire. En identifiant ces microbes dans l'air, le nez \u00e9lectronique simplifie la prescription des m\u00e9dicaments pertinents et s'av\u00e8re \u00eatre un outil vital pour lutter contre les infections.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An advanced \u2018electronic nose\u2019 system, first developed to monitor the air quality inside space stations, is now being used to save lives on the ground. The system was successfully operated [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/03\/stockholm_metro_train2\/17896718-2-eng-GB\/Stockholm_metro_train.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Stockholm metro train","esa_banner_credit":"Jorges","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/03\/Stockholm_metro_train2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/842","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=842"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/842\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4702,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/842\/revisions\/4702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=842"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}