{"id":833,"date":"2004-12-02T15:29:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/speech_science_and_spying\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:47","slug":"speech_science_and_spying","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/speech_science_and_spying\/","title":{"rendered":"Parole, science et espionnage"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Ces 40 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les satellites sont devenus de plus en plus puissants et peuvent maintenant avoir de nombreux r\u00f4les diff\u00e9rents.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>La plupart des engins spatiaux lanc\u00e9s par la fus\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne Ariane 5 servent aux t\u00e9l\u00e9communications \u2013 t\u00e9l\u00e9vision, radio num\u00e9rique, Internet, vid\u00e9o et t\u00e9l\u00e9phonie. Ils appartiennent en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral \u00e0 d\u2019importantes soci\u00e9t\u00e9s internationales.<\/p>\n<p>La plupart des autres engins spatiaux appartiennent aux gouvernements et aux agences spatiales telles que l\u2019ESA. Beaucoup sont utilis\u00e9s pour des recherches scientifiques.<\/p>\n<p>Au cours des 25 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les engins spatiaux de l\u2019ESA ont survol\u00e9 la com\u00e8te Halley, sont entr\u00e9s en orbite autour de la Lune, de V\u00e9nus et de Mars, et ont explor\u00e9 l\u2019univers lointain. En 2005, la sonde Huygens s\u2019est pos\u00e9e sur Titan, la lune de Saturne. En 2014, Rosetta deviendra la premi\u00e8re sonde \u00e0 entrer en orbite autour d\u2019une com\u00e8te et \u00e0 se poser sur sa surface.<\/p>\n<p>Notre vie de tous les jours a \u00e9t\u00e9 chang\u00e9e par les satellites m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques Meteosat. Dans les ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir, l\u2019Europe lancera une 'constellation' de 30 satellites, baptis\u00e9e Galileo, pour la navigation, permettant de trouver des positions pr\u00e9cises partout dans le monde.<\/p>\n<p>Une nouvelle s\u00e9rie de missions \u00ab Earth Explorer \u00bb a \u00e9t\u00e9 lanc\u00e9e en 2009. Des satellites tels que GOCE, SMOS et Cryosat permettront d\u2019am\u00e9liorer notre compr\u00e9hension de la plan\u00e8te Terre et de l\u2019impact de l\u2019activit\u00e9 humaine sur le monde naturel. Une famille de satellites Sentinel sera bient\u00f4t mise en orbite afin d\u2019\u00e9tudier la terre et les oc\u00e9ans de mani\u00e8re tr\u00e8s d\u00e9taill\u00e9e.<br \/>Les satellites m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques Meteosat ont boulevers\u00e9 notre quotidien. Au cours des prochaines ann\u00e9es, l'Europe lancera une \u2018 constellation \u2019 de 30 satellites, baptis\u00e9e Galileo, destin\u00e9e \u00e0 la navigation et \u00e0 la localisation pr\u00e9cise de n'importe quel point de la Terre.<br \/>Les \u00c9tats-Unis, la Russie et certains pays europ\u00e9ens exploitent \u00e9galement des satellites militaires. Ceux-ci sont utilis\u00e9s par les forces arm\u00e9es pour communiquer, d\u00e9tecter les lancements de missiles et surveiller les mouvements des forces ennemies.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Over the last 40 years, satellites have become increasingly powerful and able to perform many different roles. Most of the spacecraft launched by Europe\u2019s Ariane-5 rocket are used for telecommunications [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/10\/soho_image_28_october_20032\/17904083-2-eng-GB\/SOHO_image_28_October_2003.jpg","esa_banner_description":"SOHO image, 28 October 2003","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/10\/SOHO_image_28_October_20032","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,44,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-spacecraft","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=833"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/833\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1976,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/833\/revisions\/1976"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=833"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=833"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=833"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=833"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=833"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=833"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=833"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=833"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}