{"id":827,"date":"2004-12-02T15:52:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esoc\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:44","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:44","slug":"esoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/esoc\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019ESOC"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Une fois un satellite lanc\u00e9, la r\u00e9ussite de sa mission d\u00e9pend souvent de la possibilit\u00e9 de communiquer avec lui et de suivre son \u00e9volution. Depuis mai 1968, la plupart des satellites lanc\u00e9s pour l\u2019ESA ont \u00e9t\u00e9 contr\u00f4l\u00e9s par l\u2019ESOC, le Centre europ\u00e9en d\u2019op\u00e9rations spatiales, \u00e0 Darmstadt en Allemagne.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Le Centre comporte une salle de contr\u00f4le principale qui est le centre n\u00e9vralgique des activit\u00e9s au cours des premi\u00e8res \u00e9tapes d\u2019une mission. Une fois que le satellite est en orbite et fonctionne, les op\u00e9rations sont assur\u00e9es par des salles de contr\u00f4les sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es plus petites. Le travail de l\u2019ESOC commence d\u00e8s l\u2019instant o\u00f9 une mission est mise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude. Au cours de l\u2019\u00e9volution et du d\u00e9veloppement de la mission, l\u2019ESOC \u00e9tudie tous les aspects du contr\u00f4le de vol, du fonctionnement du satellite et des communications.<\/p>\n<p>Une fois le satellite lanc\u00e9, le centre doit suivre et contr\u00f4ler le satellite. Il s\u2019agit entre autres d\u2019envoyer des commandes pour modifier l\u2019attitude ou l\u2019orbite du satellite et de veiller en continu \u00e0 son bon fonctionnement. L\u2019ESOC surveille \u00e9galement les instruments embarqu\u00e9s et envoie de nouvelles instructions lorsque c\u2019est n\u00e9cessaire.<\/p>\n<p>Un certain nombre de missions qui paraissaient perdues ont \u00e9t\u00e9 sauv\u00e9es par les sp\u00e9cialistes de l\u2019ESOC. C\u2019est le cas d\u2019Hipparcos par exemple, qui a pu mener \u00e0 bien ses trois ans de mission de cartographie des \u00e9toiles alors qu\u2019il s\u2019\u00e9tait \u00e9gar\u00e9 sur une mauvaise orbite.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Once a satellite is launched, the success of its mission often depends on the ability to communicate with it and to follow its progress. Since May 1968, most of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2001\/12\/esoc_movie_fow2\/17864639-3-eng-GB\/Esoc_Movie_FOW.gif","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2001\/12\/Esoc_Movie_FOW2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-827","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/827","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=827"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/827\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1970,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/827\/revisions\/1970"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=827"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=827"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=827"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=827"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=827"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=827"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=827"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=827"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=827"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=827"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}