{"id":826,"date":"2004-12-08T16:30:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-08T15:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/the_shooting_gallery_in_space\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:43","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:43","slug":"the_shooting_gallery_in_space","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/the_shooting_gallery_in_space\/","title":{"rendered":"Le stand de tir dans l'espace"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>En mars 2002, les panneaux solaires du t\u00e9lescope spatial Hubble ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ramen\u00e9s sur Terre. Apr\u00e8s huit ans pass\u00e9s dans l'espace, ces panneaux fournis par l'ESA \u00e9taient cribl\u00e9s de crat\u00e8res d'impact pouvant atteindre 8 mm de diam\u00e8tre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ces crat\u00e8res ont \u00e9t\u00e9 caus\u00e9s par des fragments de d\u00e9bris spatiaux se d\u00e9pla\u00e7ant \u00e0 grande vitesse. Lorsqu\u2019il se d\u00e9place plus vite qu\u2019une balle, m\u00eame un simple \u00e9clat de peinture peut endommager gravement un vaisseau spatial. Fin 2003, on recensait environ 10 000 d\u00e9bris spatiaux. Parmi ceux-ci figuraient des vaisseaux spatiaux hors d\u2019usage, d\u2019anciens \u00e9tages de fus\u00e9es et quelques outils perdus lors de sorties extrav\u00e9hiculaires.<\/p>\n<p>De nombreux autres objets sont trop petits pour \u00eatre recens\u00e9s. Il pourrait y avoir un demi-million d\u2019objets mesurant entre 1 et 10 cm de diam\u00e8tre, mais personne ne conna\u00eet le chiffre exact. L\u2019ESA s\u2019attaque au probl\u00e8me des d\u00e9bris de diff\u00e9rentes mani\u00e8res. Le laboratoire Columbus, situ\u00e9 \u00e0 bord de la Station spatiale internationale, sera prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par un blindage sp\u00e9cial.<\/p>\n<p>Les scientifiques de l'ESA bas\u00e9s en Allemagne et aux Pays-Bas tiennent \u00e0 jour un catalogue de tous les objets connus en orbite autour de la Terre. Ils utilisent ces donn\u00e9es pour \u00e9tudier les d\u00e9bris spatiaux et \u00e9mettre des alertes pr\u00e9ventives en cas de risque de collision.<\/p>\n<p>Les informations relatives aux d\u00e9bris orbitaux sont fournies par un radar situ\u00e9 en Allemagne et par un t\u00e9lescope de l'ESA \u00e0 T\u00e9n\u00e9rife, en Espagne. L'ESA s'efforce \u00e9galement de conclure des accords internationaux visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9bris spatiaux et \u00e0 renforcer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des vols spatiaux.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In March 2002, the Hubble Space Telescope\u2019s solar arrays were brought back to Earth. After eight years in space, the ESA-supplied panels were peppered with impact craters up to 8 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/12\/space_debris2\/17868672-2-eng-GB\/Space_debris.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/12\/Space_debris2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-826","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/826","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=826"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/826\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1969,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/826\/revisions\/1969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=826"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=826"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=826"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=826"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=826"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=826"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=826"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=826"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=826"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=826"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}