{"id":821,"date":"2004-12-02T15:40:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/beyond_earth\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:39","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:39","slug":"beyond_earth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/beyond_earth\/","title":{"rendered":"Au del\u00e0 de la Terre"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>La plupart des vaisseaux spatiaux sont plac\u00e9s en orbite autour de la Terre. Mais ce n\u2019est pas toujours l\u2019endroit id\u00e9al pour faire \u00e9voluer les satellites scientifiques charg\u00e9s d\u2019explorer l\u2019univers lointain.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Le T\u00e9lescope spatial Hubble d\u00e9crit une orbite circulaire \u00e0 600 km au-dessus du sol avec une inclinaison de 28,5 degr\u00e9s par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019Equateur. Cette orbite terrestre facilite les r\u00e9parations et l\u2019entretien de cet observatoire. Cependant, la Terre et la Lune lui cachent de larges portions de ciel.<\/p>\n<p>Le successeur de Hubble, le T\u00e9lescope spatial James Webb, op\u00e8rera beaucoup plus loin. Il sera plac\u00e9 en orbite stable sur ce que l\u2019on appelle le point de Lagrange L2, \u00e0 1,5 millions de km de distance du c\u00f4t\u00e9 non \u00e9clair\u00e9 de la Terre.<\/p>\n<p>L2 est l\u2019un des cinq \u00ab points de Lagrange \u00bb de la Terre. A ces points, les forces gravitationnelles de la Terre, de la Lune et du Soleil s\u2019\u00e9quilibrent et il est donc ais\u00e9 de maintenir un satellite dans une position donn\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>D\u2019autres satellites comme l\u2019observatoire SOHO de l\u2019ESA, ont besoin d\u2019\u00eatre face au soleil en permanence. Le satellite est plac\u00e9 au point de Lagrange L1, \u00e0 1,5 million de km de la Terre en direction du Soleil.<\/p>\n<p>Puisque les forces de gravit\u00e9 de la Terre et du Soleil s\u2019\u00e9quilibrent au point L1, SOHO peut se maintenir en permanence \u00e0 cet endroit sans utiliser beaucoup de combustible.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most spacecraft are placed in orbits around the Earth. But this is not always the optimal place for scientific satellites that explore the distant universe. The Hubble Space Telescope follows [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/05\/changing_seasons_on_saturn2\/17877220-2-eng-GB\/Changing_seasons_on_Saturn.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Changing seasons on Saturn","esa_banner_credit":"NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI\/AURA)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/05\/Changing_seasons_on_Saturn2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-821","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/821","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=821"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/821\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1964,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/821\/revisions\/1964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=821"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}