{"id":815,"date":"2004-12-03T09:46:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T08:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/bridging_the_world\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:35","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:35","slug":"bridging_the_world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/bridging_the_world\/","title":{"rendered":"Relier le monde"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Aujourd'hui, nous avons pris l'habitude de regarder des \u00e9missions t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9es en direct de l'autre bout du monde. Les \u00e9v\u00e9nements sportifs, interviews, discours et guerres peuvent \u00eatre visionn\u00e9s depuis le confort de votre fauteuil, gr\u00e2ce aux satellites de communication.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Les premi\u00e8res exp\u00e9riences de renvoi de signaux radio par de grands ballons dans l'espace n'ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s r\u00e9ussies. Elles furent suivies en janvier 1962 par un satellite appel\u00e9 Telstar. Celui-ci fit sensation en transmettant les premi\u00e8res images de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision en direct de l'Am\u00e9rique vers l'Europe. Aujourd'hui, il existe des centaines de satellites de communication. La plupart appartiennent \u00e0 des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s priv\u00e9es. Ils sont en orbite g\u00e9ostationnaire, \u00e0 36 000 km au-dessus de l'\u00e9quateur, de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 pouvoir couvrir une large r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n

Les signaux de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision, de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone et de radio sont transmis au satellite par une grosse parabole. Ils sont amplifi\u00e9s par le satellite, puis transmis \u00e0 une station de r\u00e9ception. Les signaux de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision peuvent aussi \u00eatre transmis directement vers des paraboles sur le toit des maisons.<\/p>\n

Les satellites de communication sont aujourd\u2019hui tr\u00e8s grands et tr\u00e8s puissants. Bon nombre d\u2019entre eux sont lanc\u00e9s par la fus\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne Ariane. Le satellite Thaicom 4, lanc\u00e9 par Ariane 5 le 11 ao\u00fbt 2005, pesait 6,5 tonnes. Il s\u2019agissait du plus grand satellite de communication priv\u00e9 jamais lanc\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Today, we are used to watching live TV from the other side of the world. Sports events, interviews, speeches, wars can all be seen from the comfort of an armchair, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/12\/kids_watching_tv2\/17867599-3-eng-GB\/kids_watching_tv.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"AP Photo\/Luis Romero","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/12\/kids_watching_tv2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-815","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/815","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=815"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/815\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1958,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/815\/revisions\/1958"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}