{"id":787,"date":"2011-04-11T10:02:00","date_gmt":"2011-04-11T08:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/have_you_come_from_outer_space\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:15","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:15","slug":"have_you_come_from_outer_space","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/have_you_come_from_outer_space\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab Vous venez de l\u2019espace ? \u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>\u00c0 10h55 le matin du 12 avril 1961, un homme v\u00eatu d\u2019une combinaison de vol orange et d\u2019un casque blanc descendait sur Terre, port\u00e9 par le vent et un \u00e9norme parachute. Il se posa sur les plaines verdoyantes du centre de la Russie sous les yeux ahuris d\u2019une vache et de deux ouvri\u00e8res agricoles. Mme Anna Takhtarova s\u2019avan\u00e7a vers l\u2019\u00e9tranger et balbutia, \u00ab Vous venez de l\u2019espace ? \u00bb Yuri Gagarin lui r\u00e9torqua triomphalement \u00ab Oui. Vous ne le croirez pas, mais c\u2019est de l\u00e0 que je viens ! \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Le jeune homme qui a marqu\u00e9 l\u2019histoire ce jour-l\u00e0 est n\u00e9 dans un village dans l\u2019ouest de l\u2019Union sovi\u00e9tique. Son p\u00e8re \u00e9tait charpentier et la famille \u00e9tait pauvre. Apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00e9m\u00e9nag\u00e9 avec sa famille dans une ville voisine, Yuri alla \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 et travailla dans une usine de m\u00e9tallurgie. Il rejoint un club d\u2019aviation o\u00f9 il apprit \u00e0 piloter des appareils l\u00e9gers. Il ne tarda pas \u00e0 entrer dans l\u2019arm\u00e9e de l\u2019air o\u00f9 il commen\u00e7a \u00e0 piloter des jets. Au printemps 1960, il fut recrut\u00e9 parmi 20 autres pilotes pour suivre un entra\u00eenement en vue de devenir cosmonaute.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"999\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/03\/Vostok_1_s_reentry_capsule_after_landing2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/03\/vostok_1_s_reentry_capsule_after_landing2\/17902308-2-eng-GB\/Vostok_1_s_reentry_capsule_after_landing.jpg\" alt=\"Vostok 1&#x27;s reentry capsule after landing\"><figcaption>La capsule de rentr\u00e9e de Vostok 1 apr\u00e8s son atterrissage<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Au terme d\u2019une ann\u00e9e d\u2019entra\u00eenement intensif, ce lieutenant de l\u2019arm\u00e9e de l\u2019air \u00e2g\u00e9 de 27 ans apprit qu\u2019il serait le premier homme \u00e0 voler dans l\u2019espace. Le moment de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 survint quatre jours plus tard, lorsqu\u2019il monta \u00e0 bord d\u2019une capsule Vostok de forme sph\u00e9rique, fix\u00e9e au sommet d\u2019une fus\u00e9e imposante. Les spectateurs retinrent leur souffle lorsque les moteurs s\u2019allum\u00e8rent et que la fus\u00e9e disparut \u00e0 l\u2019horizon oriental. \u201c Je vois la Terre ! Elle est si belle ! \u201d, s\u2019exclama le premier voyageur spatial au monde.<\/p>\n<p>Quelque 78 minutes apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9collage, les moteurs de Vostok s\u2019allum\u00e8rent et la capsule fut renvoy\u00e9e dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re. Yuri Gagarin s\u2019\u00e9jecta \u00e0 une altitude de 6 km de la Terre et termina son incroyable voyage sous un parachute virevoltant.<\/p>\n<p>Le jeune h\u00e9ros devint c\u00e9l\u00e8bre dans le monde entier, mais il ne retourna plus jamais dans l\u2019espace. Le 27 mars 1968, Yuri Gagarin s\u2019\u00e9crasa dans son avion lors d\u2019un vol d\u2019entra\u00eenement. Plus de 500 personnes de pays diff\u00e9rents lui ont depuis embo\u00eet\u00e9 le pas. Le dernier lancement \u00e0 destination de la Station spatiale internationale a eu lieu depuis la m\u00eame rampe de lancement que le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre vol de Yuri Gagarin. Peinte sur son flanc, la fus\u00e9e arborait l\u2019image du tout premier homme \u00e0 avoir orbit\u00e9 autour de la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>At 10.55 am on the morning of 12 April 1961, a man wearing an orange flight suit and a white helmet drifted towards Earth under a large parachute. His landing [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/03\/yuri_gagarin8\/17877886-2-eng-GB\/Yuri_Gagarin.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Yuri Gagarin","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/03\/Yuri_Gagarin8","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[62,10,13],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exploration","category-learn","category-life-in-space"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/787","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=787"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/787\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4684,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/787\/revisions\/4684"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=787"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=787"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=787"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=787"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=787"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=787"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=787"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}