{"id":779,"date":"2011-03-24T09:16:00","date_gmt":"2011-03-24T08:16:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/satellites_help_japan_after_disaster_strikes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:10","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:10","slug":"satellites_help_japan_after_disaster_strikes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/satellites_help_japan_after_disaster_strikes\/","title":{"rendered":"Les satellites aident le Japon apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9sastre"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Le 11 mars, des milliers de personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es et des villes enti\u00e8res effac\u00e9es de la carte lorsqu'un tremblement de terre et un tsunami d'une puissance exceptionnelle ont frapp\u00e9 le Japon. Il n'est malheureusement pas possible de pr\u00e9dire de telles catastrophes. La technologie spatiale peut cependant jouer un r\u00f4le important pour faciliter les op\u00e9rations de secours et d'assistance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Le tremblement de terre a atteint une force de 9.0 sur l'\u00e9chelle de Richter et fut l'un des plus puissants jamais enregistr\u00e9s. Il s'est produit lorsque deux \u00e9normes plaques de l'\u00e9corce terrestre se sont soudain d\u00e9plac\u00e9es le long d'une profonde faille de l'oc\u00e9an Pacifique. Ce violent glissement du fond oc\u00e9anique a d\u00e9plac\u00e9 le Japon d'environ quatre m\u00e8tres vers l'Am\u00e9rique du Nord. Le fond de la mer a aussi \u00e9t\u00e9 soulev\u00e9, d\u00e9clenchant d'\u00e9normes vagues qui se sont \u00e9cras\u00e9es sur la c\u00f4te.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"884\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/02\/Volcanic_eruptions_in_Japan_captured_by_Envisat2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/02\/volcanic_eruptions_in_japan_captured_by_envisat2\/17873076-2-eng-GB\/Volcanic_eruptions_in_Japan_captured_by_Envisat.jpg\" alt=\"Volcanic eruptions in Japan captured by Envisat\"><figcaption>\u00c9ruptions volcaniques au Japon film\u00e9es par Envisat<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'organisation Charte internationale (qui s'emploie \u00e0 faciliter l'acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es satellites pour les services d'urgence lors de catastrophes d'origine naturelle ou humaine)., des images de la zone sinistr\u00e9e ont rapidement \u00e9t\u00e9 fournies \u00e0 partir de nombreux satellites. Ceux-ci comprennent les satellites TerraSAR-X et RapidEye allemands, SPOT-5 fran\u00e7ais, Envisat de l'Agence Spatiale Europ\u00e9enne, ainsi que des satellites am\u00e9ricains. Les images sont offertes gratuitement aux autorit\u00e9s locales et aux coop\u00e9rants. Les images radar sont particuli\u00e8rement utiles, car elles montrent la surface du sol par tous les temps, de jour comme de nuit.<\/p>\n<p>En comparant les images satellitaires avant et apr\u00e8s la catastrophe, l'\u00e9tendue des d\u00e9g\u00e2ts peut \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9e au plus vite. Les \u00e9quipes de recherche et de sauvetage pr\u00e9sentes sur site peuvent ainsi rapidement d\u00e9celer les changements apparus dans le paysage et les sites o\u00f9 leur aide sera la plus utile.<\/p>\n<p>Dans les semaines et mois \u00e0 venir, l'acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es satellite actualis\u00e9es restera une composante importante de la r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la crise, facilitant les futurs travaux de reconstruction et de r\u00e9tablissement. Les donn\u00e9es satellite aideront \u00e9galement \u00e0 mieux comprendre ces menaces g\u00e9ologiques. Ces donn\u00e9es pourraient m\u00eame contribuer un jour \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un dispositif d'alerte pr\u00e9coce pour les tremblements de terre de tr\u00e8s forte intensit\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On 11 March, thousands of people were killed and entire towns were wiped off the map when a massive earthquake and tsunami hit Japan. Sadly, there is no way to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/03\/before_and_after_the_tsunami2\/18250065-2-eng-GB\/Before_and_after_the_tsunami.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Before and after the tsunami","esa_banner_credit":"RapidEye AG, DLR, Google Earth. 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