{"id":756,"date":"2012-03-01T10:43:00","date_gmt":"2012-03-01T09:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/happy_birthday_envisat\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:55","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:55","slug":"happy_birthday_envisat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/happy_birthday_envisat\/","title":{"rendered":"Joyeux anniversaire Envisat !"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Il y a exactement 10 ans, le 1er mars 2002, le plus grand satellite d\u2019observation de la Terre jamais construit \u00e9tait lanc\u00e9 depuis Kourou, en Guyane fran\u00e7aise. Ce satellite de huit tonnes, appel\u00e9 Envisat, a fait le tour de la Terre plus de 50 000 fois. Avec sa dizaine d\u2019instruments ultra sophistiqu\u00e9s, Envisat recueille et transmet des donn\u00e9es sur la surface terrestre, l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re, les oc\u00e9ans et les calottes glaciaires.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Les instruments d\u2019Envisat sont d\u2019une importance capitale car ils nous ont permis de renouveler nos connaissances sur notre plan\u00e8te, comme par exemple en 2011, quand un radar du satellite a mis en \u00e9vidence une importante r\u00e9duction de la couche de glace dans l\u2019oc\u00e9an Arctique. D\u2019autres instruments d\u2019Envisat nous ont permis de d\u00e9tecter de nouveaux trous dans la couche d\u2019ozone et des zones de pollution au-dessus des plus grandes villes industrielles et des feux de for\u00eats.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"ESA\/EJR-Quartz\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/12\/Envisat_for_Schools_Animation2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/12\/envisat_for_schools_animation2\/17868043-3-eng-GB\/Envisat_for_Schools_Animation.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/figure>\n<p>Envisat contribue aussi \u00e0 faire progresser la recherche sur les changements climatiques, la structure terrestre et la temp\u00e9rature des mers, mais \u00e9galement \u00e0 cartographier les variations de la banquise et \u00e0 suivre la progression des mar\u00e9es noires.<\/p>\n<p>Ce satellite, qui souffle aujourd\u2019hui sa dixi\u00e8me bougie, va continuer \u00e0 nous transmettre des donn\u00e9es d\u2019observation terrestre jusqu\u2019\u00e0 au moins fin 2013. Les Sentinelles, une nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de satellites, prendront alors le relais et garderont constamment un \u0153il sur notre plan\u00e8te!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ten years ago, on 1 March 2002, the largest Earth observation satellite ever built was launched from Kourou , French Guiana. This eight-tonne satellite, called Envisat, has now circled the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/03\/10birthday2\/18249324-2-eng-GB\/10birthday.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/03\/10birthday2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-756","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=756"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/756\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4666,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/756\/revisions\/4666"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=756"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=756"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=756"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=756"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=756"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=756"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=756"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}