{"id":653,"date":"2013-09-02T12:19:00","date_gmt":"2013-09-02T10:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_s_living_planet_programme\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:30:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:30:45","slug":"esa_s_living_planet_programme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/esa_s_living_planet_programme\/","title":{"rendered":"Programme Living Planet de l'ESA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Depuis le lancement en 1977 de Meteosat, son tout premier satellite m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique, l\u2019ESA observe la Terre depuis l\u2019espace. Suite au succ\u00e8s de cette mission initiale, une s\u00e9rie compl\u00e8te de satellites Meteosat et les missions ERS-1, ERS-2 et Envisat nous ont transmis de gros volumes de donn\u00e9es sur la Terre, son climat et ses changements environnementaux.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Pour mieux comprendre le syst\u00e8me terrestre et les processus complexes qui le caract\u00e9risent, nous devons absolument continuer \u00e0 recueillir des informations sur notre plan\u00e8te. Nous pourrons ainsi anticiper les effets potentiels du changement climatique. De nombreux satellites nous aident \u00e0 r\u00e9colter ces pr\u00e9cieuses donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"3508\" data-credit=\"ESA\u2013AOES-Medialab\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2008\/03\/Sunny_side_of_GOCE3\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2008\/03\/sunny_side_of_goce3\/17887395-2-eng-GB\/Sunny_side_of_GOCE.jpg\" alt=\"Sunny side of GOCE\"><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><b>GOCE : la mission gravim\u00e9trique de l'ESA<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>GOCE a permis de r\u00e9colter des informations sur la gravit\u00e9 terrestre avec un niveau de pr\u00e9cision encore jamais \u00e9gal\u00e9. Ces donn\u00e9es scientifiques sont utilis\u00e9es pour \u00e9tudier les courants oc\u00e9aniques, la variation du niveau des oc\u00e9ans, l\u2019altitude de la surface terrestre et les couches inf\u00e9rieures des montagnes.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><b>SMOS : la mission de l'ESA consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 l'eau<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>SMOS mesure l'humidit\u00e9 du sol et la salinit\u00e9 des oc\u00e9ans ; il nous aide \u00e0 comprendre les interactions entre la surface terrestre et l'atmosph\u00e8re et contribue \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer nos mod\u00e8les m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques et climatiques.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><b>CryoSat : la mission de l'ESA consacr\u00e9e aux glaces<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>CryoSat contribue \u00e0 mesurer les plus infimes variations de l\u2019\u00e9paisseur des glaces de mer et des inlandsis continentaux qui recouvrent le Groenland et l\u2019Antarctique. Les mesures recueillies nous aident \u00e0 mieux comprendre la relation entre les glaces polaires et les variations climatiques.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><b>Swarm : la mission de l'ESA consacr\u00e9e au champ magn\u00e9tique<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pr\u00e9vu pour \u00eatre lanc\u00e9 cette ann\u00e9e, Swarm est une constellation de trois satellites qui mesurera avec pr\u00e9cision les signaux magn\u00e9tiques provenant du noyau, du manteau et de la cro\u00fbte terrestres, des oc\u00e9ans ainsi que de la magn\u00e9tosph\u00e8re, bien au-dessus de nos t\u00eates.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><b>ADM-Aeolus : la mission de l'ESA consacr\u00e9e au vent<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>ADM-Aeolus, dont le lancement est pr\u00e9vu pour 2015, observera la dynamique des vents \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale et nous permettra d\u2019am\u00e9liorer les pr\u00e9visions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1536\" data-credit=\"ESA - AOES Medialab\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2008\/05\/EarthCARE2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2008\/05\/earthcare2\/17886988-2-eng-GB\/EarthCARE.jpg\" alt=\"EarthCARE\"><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><b>EarthCARE : la mission de l'ESA consacr\u00e9e aux nuages et aux a\u00e9rosols<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pr\u00e9vue pour 2015, la mission euro-japonaise EarthCARE permettra d'am\u00e9liorer notre compr\u00e9hension du bilan radiatif de la Terre dans les mod\u00e8les de pr\u00e9vision climatique et m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><b>Missions Sentinel<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L\u2019ESA d\u00e9veloppe actuellement une nouvelle gamme de satellites d\u2019observation de la Terre: les Sentinelles. Ces \u00ab yeux dans le ciel \u00bb nous transmettront de gros volumes de donn\u00e9es sur la surface et l'atmosph\u00e8re terrestres. Les informations recueillies seront utilis\u00e9es dans le cadre du programme europ\u00e9en Copernicus de surveillance de la Terre (ou GMES, de l\u2019anglais \u00ab Global Monitoring for Environment and Security \u00bb).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><b>Meteosat<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le programme Meteosat regroupe la flotte de satellites m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques de l\u2019Europe. Ils \u00e9tudient les nuages, le sol, les oc\u00e9ans, la neige et les \u00e9tendues glaciaires, de jour comme de nuit. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 eux, nous pouvons am\u00e9liorer nos \u00e9tudes climatiques et anticiper les conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques les plus dangereuses.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><b>MetOp<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le satellite MetOp, plac\u00e9 en orbite h\u00e9liosynchrone, \u00e9tudie quasiment toute la surface du globe deux fois par jour. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ses onze instruments, il transmet des donn\u00e9es d\u00e9taill\u00e9es et pr\u00e9cises sur les nuages, la temp\u00e9rature, l\u2019humidit\u00e9, la couche d\u2019ozone, les vents marins et d\u2019autres informations m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques d\u2019une importance capitale.<\/p>\n<nav class=\"related\" aria-label=\"\u00c0 lire \u00e9galement\">\n<h2 class=\"related__heading\">\u00c0 lire \u00e9galement<\/h2>\n<div class=\"grid related__grid\">\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.esa.int\/LivingPlanet2013\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Symposium \u00ab Living Planet \u00bb 2013<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.esa.int\/esaLP\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Le programme \u00ab Plan\u00e8te vivante \u00bb<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/nav>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ESA has been observing Earth from space ever since the launch of its first Meteosat weather satellite in 1977. Since this successful first mission, a whole series of Meteosat satellites [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/11\/lp_2013_symp2\/17889134-2-eng-GB\/LP_2013_symp.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/11\/LP_2013_symp2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=653"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4613,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653\/revisions\/4613"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}