{"id":641,"date":"2013-06-21T09:17:00","date_gmt":"2013-06-21T07:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/exomars_to_search_for_alien_life\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:30:36","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:30:36","slug":"exomars_to_search_for_alien_life","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/exomars_to_search_for_alien_life\/","title":{"rendered":"ExoMars \u00e0 la recherche de vie extraterrestre"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>L\u2019orbiteur Mars Express de l\u2019ESA vient de f\u00eater ses dix ans d\u2019activit\u00e9 spatiale, mais l\u2019Europe pr\u00e9pare d\u00e9j\u00e0 la prochaine \u00e9tape de l'exploration de la Plan\u00e8te rouge. L\u2019ambitieux projet ExoMars, qui s\u2019articule autour de deux missions distinctes, est n\u00e9 d\u2019un partenariat entre l\u2019ESA et Roskosmos (l'agence spatiale f\u00e9d\u00e9rale russe). ExoMars donnera lieu au lancement de plusieurs engins spatiaux vers Mars, en 2016 puis en 2018.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>L\u2019objectif principal de ce programme sera de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 l\u2019une des plus importantes interrogations scientifiques de notre \u00e9poque : la vie a-t-elle d\u00e9j\u00e0 exist\u00e9 sur Mars ? Par ailleurs, ExoMars permettra de d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles technologies europ\u00e9ennes pour l\u2019atterrissage, l\u2019exploration, le forage et le pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement d\u2019\u00e9chantillons de roche martienne. Cette premi\u00e8re mission ExoMars ouvrira la voie \u00e0 une autre mission d\u2019exploration martienne, qui aura lieu \u00e0 partir de 2020.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"3500\" data-credit=\"ESA-D. Ducros, 2012\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/11\/ExoMars_mission3\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/11\/exomars_mission3\/17880513-2-eng-GB\/ExoMars_mission.jpg\" alt=\"ExoMars mission\"><figcaption>Mission ExoMars<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Cette premi\u00e8re mission sera lanc\u00e9e en janvier 2016 et arrivera sur Mars neuf mois plus tard. Elle consistera notamment \u00e0 la mise en service de la sonde interplan\u00e9taire TGO (Trace Gas Orbiter), qui recherchera des traces de m\u00e9thane et d\u2019autres gaz dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re martienne. Sur Terre, le m\u00e9thane est produit par des organismes vivants. TGO est actuellement en cours de construction par le groupe franco-italien Thales Alenia Space \u00e0 Cannes, en France.<\/p>\n<p>La premi\u00e8re mission ExoMars enverra \u00e9galement sur la surface de Mars l\u2019atterrisseur EDM (Entry, Descent and Landing Demonstrator Module), qui permettra de mieux comprendre les technologies requises pour les futures missions d\u2019atterrissage et d\u2019exploration martienne qui auront lieu en 2018 et au-del\u00e0. Thales Alenia Space Italy travaille actuellement sur la construction d\u2019EDM sur son site industriel de Turin.<\/p>\n<p>Le lancement de la deuxi\u00e8me mission est pr\u00e9vu en mai 2018 ; elle devrait atteindre la plan\u00e8te d\u00e9but 2019. Elle permettra de poser un rover sur Mars \u2013 le premier capable de forer jusqu\u2019\u00e0 une profondeur de 2 m, puis de pr\u00e9lever des \u00e9chantillons de roches. Cette \u00e9tape est essentielle, car les rayonnements et les substances chimiques pr\u00e9sents \u00e0 la surface peuvent d\u00e9truire les mati\u00e8res organiques. Cette mission emportera \u00e9galement une plateforme de surface \u00e9quip\u00e9e d\u2019instruments scientifiques destin\u00e9s \u00e0 \u00e9tudier l\u2019environnement martien.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ESA\u2019s Mars Express orbiter has just celebrated ten years in space, but Europe is already getting ready for the next step in its exploration of the Red Planet. This ambitious [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/06\/kasei-valles-perspective-view\/17883177-2-eng-GB\/KASEI-VALLES-PERSPECTIVE-VIEW.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/06\/kasei_valles_perspective_view","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=641"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4604,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/641\/revisions\/4604"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=641"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=641"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=641"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=641"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=641"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=641"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=641"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}