{"id":632,"date":"2004-12-02T15:44:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/future_launchers\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:30:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:30:30","slug":"future_launchers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/future_launchers\/","title":{"rendered":"Les lanceurs du futur"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>L'ESA a investi plus de 2 milliards d'euros dans l'am\u00e9lioration et le d\u00e9veloppement du port spatial europ\u00e9en de Kourou. L'ESA est propri\u00e9taire des installations de lancement et des sites industriels.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Le port spatial de Kourou \u00e9volue au fur et \u00e0 mesure que de nouveaux lanceurs voient le jour. Depuis 1997, le port spatial a essentiellement servi pour le lanceur lourd Ariane 5. La zone de lancement ELA-3 a \u00e9t\u00e9 agrandie, de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 pouvoir remplir en carburant les \u00e9tages sup\u00e9rieurs d\u2019Ariane 5 lorsque la fus\u00e9e est sur son aire de lancement. L\u2019ESA et Arianespace ont \u00e9galement construit un nouveau complexe pour le contr\u00f4le des satellites. Celui-ci est assez grand pour accueillir les v\u00e9hicules de transfert automatique (ATV) de 20 tonnes envoy\u00e9s sur la Station spatiale internationale.<\/p>\n<p>Par ailleurs, deux autres types de lanceurs ont rejoint Ariane 5. La premi\u00e8re des fus\u00e9es europ\u00e9ennes Vega de petite taille s'est envol\u00e9e de Kourou le 13 f\u00e9vrier 2012. Pour cela, l\u2019ESA a investi 45 millions d\u2019euros afin d\u2019adapter l\u2019ancienne zone de lancement d\u2019Ariane-1 (ELA-1), aujourd'hui connue sous le nom d'ensemble de lancement ZLV (Zone de Lancement Vega).<\/p>\n<p>Un autre site de lancement a \u00e9t\u00e9 construit pour le lanceur moyen russe Soyouz, qui a d\u00e9coll\u00e9 de Kourou pour la premi\u00e8re fois en octobre 2011. Le site du Soyouz, \u00e9galement d\u00e9nomm\u00e9 ELS (Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz), se situe \u00e0 13 km au nord-ouest du site de lancement d\u2019Ariane 5. Il comprend un nouveau b\u00e2timent d\u2019assemblage de fus\u00e9e, un centre de contr\u00f4le et une aire de lancement.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ESA has invested more than \u20ac2 billion in improving and developing Europe&#8217;s Spaceport in Kourou. ESA owns the launch facilities and the industrial plants. The spaceport in Kourou is always [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/01\/artist_view_of_a_future_launcher2\/17872187-2-eng-GB\/Artist_view_of_a_future_launcher.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA - C. 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