{"id":613,"date":"2013-11-20T09:08:00","date_gmt":"2013-11-20T08:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/happy_birthday_iss\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:30:17","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:30:17","slug":"happy_birthday_iss","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/happy_birthday_iss\/","title":{"rendered":"Joyeux anniversaire \u00e0 l'ISS !"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>La Station spatiale internationale f\u00eate aujourd\u2019hui son anniversaire, 15 ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s le lancement de son premier module en 1998.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>L\u2019ISS est le plus grand projet coop\u00e9ratif jamais entrepris dans le domaine scientifique. Cinq agences spatiales y participent : la NASA, l\u2019ESA, Roscosmos, l\u2019Agence spatiale canadienne et l\u2019Agence d\u2019exploration a\u00e9rospatiale japonaise.<\/p>\n<p>Zarya, le premier composant de la Station, a \u00e9t\u00e9 lanc\u00e9 le 20 novembre 1998 par une fus\u00e9e russe Proton. Trois semaines plus tard, la navette spatiale am\u00e9ricaine livrait le second module, qui fut ensuite attach\u00e9 \u00e0 Zarya.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Exp\u00e9dition 1, le tout premier \u00e9quipage \u00e0 vivre \u00e0 bord de la Station, est arriv\u00e9 deux ans plus tard. Depuis, la Station a \u00e9t\u00e9 continuellement habit\u00e9e pendant 13 ans, ce qui constitue deux records : la plus longue pr\u00e9sence humaine dans l\u2019espace, et le seul laboratoire permanent en apesanteur !<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1024\" data-credit=\"NASA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2013\/11\/ISS_Expedition_37_crew_portrait_inside_Kibo\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/11\/iss_expedition_37_crew_portrait_inside_kibo\/17902493-2-eng-GB\/ISS_Expedition_37_crew_portrait_inside_Kibo.jpg\" alt=\"ISS Expedition 37 crew portrait inside Kibo\"><figcaption>Portrait de l'\u00e9quipage de l'exp\u00e9dition 37 de l'ISS \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur du module Kibo<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>La Station s\u2019est agrandie en 2007 avec l\u2019int\u00e9gration du module de fabrication italienne Harmony, puis du laboratoire de l\u2019ESA Columbus et du laboratoire japonais Kibo en 2008.<\/p>\n<p>Depuis que Columbus a \u00e9t\u00e9 adjoint \u00e0 la Station il y a cinq ans, plus de 110 exp\u00e9riences men\u00e9es par l\u2019ESA et impliquant environ 500 scientifiques y ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es, dans des domaines allant de la physique des fluides \u00e0 l\u2019astrobiologie, en passant par la science des mat\u00e9riaux, la radiophysique, le Soleil, le corps humain et la biologie.<\/p>\n<p>Au total, l\u2019ESA a envoy\u00e9 quatre ATV sur la Station spatiale afin de la ravitailler en provisions et en \u00e9quipement pour les projets scientifiques. Le d\u00e9collage du cinqui\u00e8me, Georges Lema\u00eetre, aura normalement lieu l\u2019ann\u00e9e prochaine.<\/p>\n<p>En comptabilisant l\u2019\u00e9quipage actuel de l\u2019Exp\u00e9dition 38, ce sont 211 personnes qui se sont rendues et ont travaill\u00e9 \u00e0 bord de la Station, via plus de 352 vols spatiaux. Des astronautes europ\u00e9ens originaires d\u2019Italie, de France, d\u2019Allemagne, de Belgique, des Pays-Bas, d\u2019Espagne et de Su\u00e8de ont rejoint des Russes, Am\u00e9ricains, Canadiens, Japonais et d\u2019autres nationalit\u00e9s pour repousser les fronti\u00e8res de l\u2019exploration humaine.<\/p>\n<p>Les activit\u00e9s men\u00e9es \u00e0 bord de l\u2019ISS visent \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 de vie sur Terre en augmentant nos connaissances scientifiques gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des recherches effectu\u00e9es en dehors de notre plan\u00e8te.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The International Space Station celebrates its birthday today, 15 years after the first module was launched in 1998. The ISS is the largest cooperative project ever carried out in science, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/11\/international_space_station_salutes_the_sun\/17878478-2-eng-GB\/International_Space_Station_salutes_the_Sun.jpg","esa_banner_description":"International Space Station salutes the Sun","esa_banner_credit":"NASA\/ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2013\/11\/International_Space_Station_salutes_the_Sun","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/613","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=613"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/613\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4582,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/613\/revisions\/4582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=613"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=613"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=613"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=613"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=613"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=613"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=613"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}