{"id":581,"date":"2013-01-22T09:03:00","date_gmt":"2013-01-22T08:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/restless_sleep_on_the_way_to_mars\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:29:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:29:53","slug":"restless_sleep_on_the_way_to_mars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/restless_sleep_on_the_way_to_mars\/","title":{"rendered":"Voyage vers Mars et troubles du sommeil"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Le jour o\u00f9 nous partirons sur Mars, le voyage sera long et difficile. Des chercheurs ont analys\u00e9 les r\u00e9sultats de l\u2019\u00e9tude Mars 500, qui a eu lieu de 2010 \u00e0 2011, en nous donnant ainsi une meilleure id\u00e9e des probl\u00e8mes physiques et mentaux pouvant survenir pendant les missions d\u2019exploration martienne.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Pendant l\u2019\u00e9tude Mars 500, une \u00e9quipe de six \u00ab marsonautes \u00bb a \u00e9t\u00e9 enferm\u00e9e pendant 520 jours dans un faux vaisseau spatial pr\u00e8s de Moscou, en Russie. Cela correspond \u00e0 un confinement d\u2019environ un an et demi ! Cette dur\u00e9e correspond \u00e0 la dur\u00e9e approximative d\u2019un vol aller-retour vers Mars entrecoup\u00e9 de 30 jours d\u2019exploration sur la surface de la plan\u00e8te rouge. Pendant cette simulation de mission spatiale, l\u2019\u00e9quipage a v\u00e9cu en isolation totale ; sans produits frais, sans lumi\u00e8re du jour ni air pur. L\u2019\u00e9tude Mars 500 prouve que chaque d\u00e9tail compte et que le r\u00e9gime alimentaire et le repos sont des composants primordiaux.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"650\" data-credit=\"ZWMB, Charit\u00e9 Berlin\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2013\/01\/Sleep_study\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/01\/sleep_study\/17904676-2-eng-GB\/Sleep_study.jpg\" alt=\"Sleep study\"><figcaption>\u00c9tude du sommeil<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Comme les participants n\u2019avaient aucune r\u00e9f\u00e9rence par rapport au Soleil pour savoir quand se coucher ou se lever, ils ont d\u00fb recourir \u00e0 d\u2019autres m\u00e9thodes, comme programmer leurs montres ou demander \u00e0 leurs co\u00e9quipiers de les r\u00e9veiller. Le d\u00e9calage dans les temps de sommeil a pos\u00e9 des probl\u00e8mes \u00e0 toute l\u2019\u00e9quipe.<\/p>\n<p>Les chercheurs de l\u2019ESA continuent d\u2019\u00e9tudier comment obtenir une bonne nuit de sommeil r\u00e9parateur. L\u2019astronaute de l\u2019ESA Luca Parmitano va ainsi mettre en parall\u00e8le l\u2019\u00e9volution de son taux d\u2019hormones par rapport \u00e0 son sommeil durant son s\u00e9jour de six mois sur l\u2019ISS en 2013. Sur Terre, les occupants de la base Concordia, dans l\u2019Antarctique, ont eux aussi vu leur sommeil \u00e9tudi\u00e9 pendant les quatre mois sans Soleil que dure l\u2019hiver polaire.<\/p>\n<p>D\u2019autres r\u00e9sultats \u00e9tonnants de cette simulation de mission sur Mars mettent en \u00e9vidence que notre corps n\u2019absorbe et n\u2019\u00e9limine pas le sel de mani\u00e8re constante. Nos reins traiteraient le sel selon un cycle hebdomadaire, travaillant plus pour l\u2019\u00e9liminer certains jours que d\u2019autres. Ces d\u00e9couvertes ne b\u00e9n\u00e9ficieront pas seulement aux astronautes, mais aussi \u00e0 toutes les personnes sur Terre qui doivent travailler en d\u00e9cal\u00e9 ou qui pr\u00e9sentent des probl\u00e8mes de sommeil ou d\u2019hypertension.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When humans eventually travel to Mars, they will face an exceptional journey. Scientists have analysed what happened during the simulated Mars500 mission of 2010-2011, giving them a much better idea [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/01\/simulated_marswalk\/17901531-2-eng-GB\/Simulated_Marswalk.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Simulated Marswalk","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/IBMP","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2013\/01\/Simulated_Marswalk","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,13,63],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-life-in-space","category-living-in-space"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/581","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=581"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/581\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4560,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/581\/revisions\/4560"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=581"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}