{"id":579,"date":"2004-12-03T10:15:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/forest_fires\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:29:51","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:29:51","slug":"forest_fires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/forest_fires\/","title":{"rendered":"Feux de for\u00eat"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Les incendies peuvent balayer les villes comme les zones rurales. Les feux dans les zones bois\u00e9es peuvent atteindre une temp\u00e9rature de 800\u00b0C et progresser jusqu\u2019\u00e0 100 m\u00e8tres par minute, pour d\u00e9truire promptement une r\u00e9gion enti\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

En 2003, plus d\u2019un demi-million d\u2019hectares de for\u00eats a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truit par des incendies dans le sud de l\u2019Europe, causant des d\u00e9g\u00e2ts s\u2019\u00e9levant \u00e0 plusieurs milliards d\u2019euros. En 2010, la r\u00e9gion avoisinant la capitale russe, Moscou, a \u00e9t\u00e9 frapp\u00e9e par une vague de chaleur, avec des temp\u00e9ratures allant jusqu\u2019\u00e0 40\u00ba C, causant les pires incendies de for\u00eat des 15 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. De telles situations extr\u00eames pourraient empirer et se produire plus fr\u00e9quemment si, \u00e0 cause du r\u00e9chauffement climatique, les \u00e9t\u00e9s devenaient plus chauds et plus secs.<\/p>\n

Les satellites d\u2019observation de la Terre de l\u2019ESA, comme Envisat, peuvent servir \u00e0 lutter contre la menace d\u2019incendies dans le monde.<\/p>\n

\"Algarve
Incendies en Algarve \u2013 MERIS, 18 juin et 15 septembre 2003<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ils peuvent prendre des images des zones qui br\u00fblent et d\u00e9celer les foyers principaux dans les zones br\u00fbl\u00e9es. Ils peuvent aussi d\u00e9tecter les gaz \u00e0 effet de serre et les tra\u00een\u00e9es de fum\u00e9e produites par les incendies.<\/p>\n

En cartographiant les incendies au moins deux fois par jour, il est possible d\u2019\u00e9tudier leur d\u00e9veloppement. Les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts peuvent aussi \u00eatre ainsi \u00e9valu\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Les donn\u00e9es des satellites m\u00e9t\u00e9o et des satellites d\u2019observation de la terre peuvent \u00eatre associ\u00e9es pour produire des cartes quotidiennes. Elles permettent aux pompiers de se concentrer sur les zones o\u00f9 le risque est le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Les images des satellites prises au cours des ann\u00e9es facilitent la pr\u00e9diction et la pr\u00e9paration aux incendies \u00e0 venir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fires can sweep through cities and rural areas alike. Woodland fires can burn at up to 800\u00b0C and spread at up to 100 metres per minute, swiftly destroying an entire […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/12\/deforestation2\/18247844-2-eng-GB\/deforestation.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"AP Photo\/Rutilio Enamorado","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/12\/deforestation2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=579"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4559,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579\/revisions\/4559"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=579"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=579"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=579"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=579"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=579"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=579"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=579"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=579"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}