{"id":572,"date":"2004-11-16T10:16:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-16T09:16:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/comets_and_meteors_rosetta\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:29:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:29:47","slug":"comets_and_meteors_rosetta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/comets_and_meteors_rosetta\/","title":{"rendered":"Rosetta"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

En mars 1986, la sonde Giotto de l\u2019ESA s\u2019est approch\u00e9e \u00e0 moins de 600 km du noyau de la com\u00e8te de Halley. Elle a transmis les premi\u00e8res images en gros plan du c\u0153ur glac\u00e9 d\u2019une com\u00e8te. Aujourd\u2019hui, une autre sonde de l\u2019ESA, baptis\u00e9e Rosetta, est en route vers une com\u00e8te. Rosetta est la mission spatiale la plus complexe jamais men\u00e9e par l\u2019Europe.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Cette sonde de 3 tonnes transporte 11 instruments et un atterrisseur qui comporte lui-m\u00eame 9 autres instruments. Elle tire son \u00e9nergie de deux \u00e9normes panneaux solaires de 14 m\u00e8tres de long chacun.<\/p>\n

Lanc\u00e9e le 2 mars 2004, il faudra 10 ans \u00e0 Rosetta pour atteindre la com\u00e8te Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Son trajet pr\u00e9voit trois survols de la Terre et un de Mars. Rosetta plonge et ressort \u00e9galement de la ceinture d\u2019ast\u00e9ro\u00efdes entre Mars et Jupiter. Cela lui permet de prendre des clich\u00e9s de deux ast\u00e9ro\u00efdes, Steins et Lutetia.<\/p>\n

D\u00e8s son arriv\u00e9e \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de la com\u00e8te, Rosetta ralentira et changera de trajectoire pour se placer en orbite \u00e0 seulement quelques kilom\u00e8tres au-dessus du noyau de la com\u00e8te.<\/p>\n

Une fois la com\u00e8te cartographi\u00e9e, Rosetta larguera son atterrisseur (baptis\u00e9 Philae). Celui-ci s'ancrera sur le noyau et transmettra les premi\u00e8res images prises depuis la surface d'une com\u00e8te.<\/p>\n

\"Rosetta<\/figure>\n

En orbite, la sonde suivra la com\u00e8te alors qu\u2019elle filera vers la partie int\u00e9rieure du syst\u00e8me solaire. Au cours de cette poursuite de 18 mois, les glaces de la com\u00e8te se transformeront en gaz, projetant des jets de mati\u00e8re dans l\u2019espace. Rosetta nous d\u00e9voilera pour la premi\u00e8re fois les changements spectaculaires qui se produisent lorsque cet \u00ab iceberg spatial \u00bb est r\u00e9chauff\u00e9 par le Soleil.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In March 1986, ESA’s Giotto spacecraft flew to within 600 km of comet Halley’s nucleus. It sent back the first close-up pictures of a comet’s icy heart. Now, another ESA […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2014\/09\/rosetta_and_philae_at_comet3\/17897495-2-eng-GB\/Rosetta_and_Philae_at_comet.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Rosetta and Philae at comet","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2014\/09\/Rosetta_and_Philae_at_comet3","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[46,10,11],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-comets-and-meteors","category-learn","category-our-universe","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=572"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/572\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4553,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/572\/revisions\/4553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}