{"id":507,"date":"2015-02-04T13:06:00","date_gmt":"2015-02-04T12:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/humans_are_walking_on_thin_ice_with_climate_change\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:29:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:29:00","slug":"humans_are_walking_on_thin_ice_with_climate_change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/humans_are_walking_on_thin_ice_with_climate_change\/","title":{"rendered":"Le changement climatique modifie nos perspectives d\u2019avenir"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Depuis le milieu du vingti\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, les hommes ont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 plusieurs cat\u00e9gories de satellites. Les satellites spatiaux, comme Hubble, ont les yeux tourn\u00e9s vers le ciel. Nous avons \u00e9galement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 des satellites qui \u00e9tudient notre plan\u00e8te afin de mieux comprendre le monde dans lequel nous vivons et am\u00e9liorer nos vies quotidiennes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Les satellites m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques nous aident \u00e0 anticiper les \u00e9v\u00e9nements climatiques comme les temp\u00eates ou, tout simplement, nous permettent de ne pas oublier de mettre de la cr\u00e8me solaire pendant les journ\u00e9es les plus chaudes de l\u2019ann\u00e9e. Les satellites de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, quant \u00e0 eux, nous connectent avec le monde entier via les ondes t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques et Internet. Il existe \u00e9galement des satellites d\u2019observation de la Terre comme les engins spatiaux Sentinel-1A et CryoSat de l\u2019ESA, qui \u00e9tudient les calottes glaciaires dans l\u2019Arctique.<\/p>\n

Ces deux satellites ont d\u00e9couvert que l\u2019une des ces \u00e9normes masses de glace, baptis\u00e9e Austfonna, a perdu 50 m\u00e8tres d\u2019\u00e9paisseur ces deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. (Cela repr\u00e9sente deux fois la hauteur de Buckingham Palace !)<\/p>\n

Les calottes glaciaires sont d'immenses nappes de glace situ\u00e9es aux p\u00f4les Nord et Sud de la Terre. Elles ne fondent pas et ne reg\u00e8lent pas au fil des saisons, mais leur superficie peut augmenter ou diminuer en fonction des changements climatiques. Par exemple, au cours des p\u00e9riodes glaciaires, les calottes polaires ont consid\u00e9rablement gagn\u00e9 en superficie. Mais actuellement, les calottes polaires r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissent, tr\u00e8s probablement en raison du r\u00e9chauffement climatique provoqu\u00e9 par l'activit\u00e9 humaine.<\/p>\n

La glace des calottes se transforme en eau et se d\u00e9verse dans les oc\u00e9ans, ce qui entra\u00eene une augmentation du niveau de la mer. L\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation du niveau des oc\u00e9ans accro\u00eet les risques d\u2019inondation et transforme nos perspectives d\u00e9mographiques en recouvrant les terres cultivables et habitables. C\u2019est pourquoi les satellites d\u2019observation de la Terre sont d\u2019une importance capitale pour nous aider \u00e0 analyser le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de fonte des calottes glaciaires et, surtout, \u00e0 mieux pr\u00e9parer l\u2019avenir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

When you think of satellites, you might think of space telescopes like Hubble. But many satellites are actually pointing towards the Earth, helping us to better understand the world we […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/05\/polar_bear_a_symbol_of_climate_change2\/17871300-2-eng-GB\/Polar_bear_a_symbol_of_climate_change.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"Ice Kingdom","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/05\/Polar_bear_a_symbol_of_climate_change2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-507","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/507","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=507"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/507\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1650,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/507\/revisions\/1650"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=507"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=507"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=507"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=507"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=507"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=507"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=507"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=507"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=507"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=507"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}