{"id":495,"date":"2015-02-09T08:15:00","date_gmt":"2015-02-09T07:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_s_first_space_taxi_gets_ready_to_blast_off\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:28:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:28:52","slug":"esa_s_first_space_taxi_gets_ready_to_blast_off","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/esa_s_first_space_taxi_gets_ready_to_blast_off\/","title":{"rendered":"Le premier \u00ab taxi spatial \u00bb de l'ESA se pr\u00e9pare au d\u00e9collage"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Il y a un peu plus de 50 ans, Youri Gagarine est devenu le premier homme \u00e0 voler dans l\u2019espace. Depuis ce moment historique, nos aventures au-del\u00e0 de la Terre ont perdur\u00e9, mais elles ont le plus souvent mobilis\u00e9 des voyageurs robotiques. Les voyages spatiaux habit\u00e9s sont extr\u00eamement dangereux. Outre envoyer des hommes dans l\u2019espace, nous devons \u00e9galement les ramener sur Terre sains et saufs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Mais que tous les passionn\u00e9s d'exploration spatiale se r\u00e9jouissent : l\u2019ESA travaille actuellement sur un nouveau mod\u00e8le de \u00ab taxi spatial \u00bb. Cet engin, baptis\u00e9 IXV, a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour aider l\u2019Europe \u00e0 concevoir de nouveaux mod\u00e8les de v\u00e9hicules spatiaux capables de voler dans l\u2019espace et d\u2019effectuer une rentr\u00e9e atmosph\u00e9rique. Et qui sait : peut-\u00eatre ce nouveau type de vaisseau pourrait-il un jour acheminer des astronautes vers la Station spatiale internationale... voire au-del\u00e0 !<\/p>\n

Cet avion sans ailes d\u00e9collera \u00e0 bord d\u2019un lanceur Vega le 11 f\u00e9vrier prochain depuis le port spatial de l\u2019Europe \u00e0 Kourou (Guyane fran\u00e7aise). Son premier vol d\u2019essai, d\u2019une dur\u00e9e pr\u00e9visionnelle de 100 minutes, le placera sur une orbite terrestre basse d\u2019environ 400 kilom\u00e8tres. Sa vitesse atteindra normalement 27 000 kilom\u00e8tres par heure, soit 85 fois celle d\u2019un train \u00e0 haute vitesse ! \u00c0 cette vitesse, il faut moins d\u2019une heure et demie pour faire le tour de la Terre.<\/p>\n

Le v\u00e9hicule spatial entamera ensuite son retour vers notre plan\u00e8te \u00e0 l\u2019aide de r\u00e9trofus\u00e9es et de volets a\u00e9rodynamiques. Apr\u00e8s avoir effectu\u00e9 des man\u0153uvres de d\u00e9c\u00e9l\u00e9ration, il d\u00e9ploiera un parachute multi-\u00e9tages qui ralentira encore davantage sa descente pour lui permettre d'amerrir dans l\u2019oc\u00e9an Pacifique, o\u00f9 un navire viendra le r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer.<\/p>\n

Des technologies qui nous aideront \u00e0 envoyer des robots sur Mars seront test\u00e9es pendant les 100 minutes du vol de IXV, qui sera donc d\u2019une importance capitale !<\/p>\n

Anecdote sympa :<\/b> Le vaisseau spatial IXV a \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s la taille d'une voiture normale.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Little more than fifty years ago the first human went to space. Since then our adventures beyond the Earth have continued, but they have mostly involved robotic explorers. This is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2015\/02\/vega_vv04_composite_transferred_to_launcher_assembly_area2\/17871115-2-eng-GB\/Vega_VV04_composite_transferred_to_launcher_assembly_area.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2015\/02\/Vega_VV04_composite_transferred_to_launcher_assembly_area2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=495"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1638,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495\/revisions\/1638"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=495"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=495"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=495"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=495"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=495"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=495"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=495"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}