{"id":493,"date":"2014-11-04T08:58:00","date_gmt":"2014-11-04T07:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/eye-catching_space_technology_restoring_sight\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:28:50","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:28:50","slug":"eye-catching_space_technology_restoring_sight","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/eye-catching_space_technology_restoring_sight\/","title":{"rendered":"Une technologie spatiale aide \u00e0 soigner les d\u00e9ficiences visuelles"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Dans le monde entier, des millions de personnes ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 eu recours \u00e0 la chirurgie laser pour corriger leurs probl\u00e8mes de vue. Saviez-vous que ce type de chirurgie oculaire \u00e9tait uniquement possible gr\u00e2ce une technologie d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019origine pour des missions spatiales ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Si vous observez un point fixe en inclinant ou en hochant la t\u00eate, vos yeux, eux, ne bougeront pas. C'est ce qui vous permet de voir avec clart\u00e9 quand vous vous d\u00e9placez. Sur Terre, la plupart des esp\u00e8ces poss\u00e8dent cette capacit\u00e9 depuis la nuit des temps. C\u2019est une facult\u00e9 qui nous semble tellement naturelle que nous n\u2019y pensons m\u00eame plus.<\/p>\n<p>D\u2019un point de vue purement cognitif, votre cerveau re\u00e7oit des messages transmis depuis votre oreille interne. Ces messages vous permettent de vous rep\u00e9rer dans l\u2019espace, de maintenir l\u2019\u00e9quilibre de votre corps et de stabiliser votre vision. Leur transmission est due \u00e0 la gravit\u00e9, un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne physique nous permettant de distinguer le haut du bas.<\/p>\n<p>Mais comment les astronautes font-ils pour se rep\u00e9rer dans l\u2019espace, o\u00f9 il n\u2019y a pas de gravit\u00e9 ? Comment parviennent-ils \u00e0 regarder un \u00e9cran d\u2019ordinateur, malgr\u00e9 l\u2019impesanteur de la Station spatiale internationale ?<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1024\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2014\/11\/Tracking_device\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2014\/11\/tracking_device\/17895683-2-eng-GB\/Tracking_device.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/figure>\n<p>Pour \u00e9tudier ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne, les chercheurs ont mis au point un appareil sp\u00e9cial permettant de mesurer les mouvements oculaires des astronautes sans les g\u00eaner. Cet appareil s'appelle \u2019 Eye Tracking Device \u2019. Il s'agit en fait d'un casque \u00e9quip\u00e9 d'une cam\u00e9ra qui prend des photos des yeux des astronautes et enregistre la direction de leur regard.<\/p>\n<p>Sur Terre, le m\u00eame dispositif d\u2019oculom\u00e9trie permet aux professionnels de la sant\u00e9 de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 de d\u00e9licates chirurgies laser et, \u00e0 terme, d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 de vie de millions de personnes !<\/p>\n<p><b>Anecdote sympa :<\/b> La technologie spatiale a influenc\u00e9 notre vie quotidienne de multiples fa\u00e7ons. Certaines sont majeures, comme la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019envoyer des informations \u00e0 l\u2019autre bout du monde en quelques secondes ou la cr\u00e9ation de proth\u00e8ses. D\u2019autres sont plus modestes, comme les semelles confortables pour nos chaussures ou les matelas en mousse \u00e0 m\u00e9moire de forme.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Millions of people around the world have had laser surgery to correct their eyesight, but did you know this surgery is only possible thanks to technology developed for use in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2014\/11\/human_eye2\/17874038-2-eng-GB\/Human_eye.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2014\/11\/Human_eye2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=493"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/493\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4514,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/493\/revisions\/4514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=493"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=493"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=493"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=493"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=493"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=493"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=493"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}