{"id":458,"date":"2017-01-16T08:09:00","date_gmt":"2017-01-16T07:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/bepicolombo_esa_s_mission_to_mercury\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:28:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:28:27","slug":"bepicolombo_esa_s_mission_to_mercury","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/bepicolombo_esa_s_mission_to_mercury\/","title":{"rendered":"BepiColombo : la mission de l\u2019ESA vers Mercure"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Les sondes spatiales de l\u2019Agence spatiale europ\u00e9enne ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 visit\u00e9 de nombreux mondes dans notre syst\u00e8me solaire, mais aucune ne s'est jamais aventur\u00e9e jusqu'\u00e0 Mercure. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la mission BepiColombo, ce sera prochainement chose faite !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>BepiColombo doit son nom \u00e0 Giuseppe (surnomm\u00e9 \u00ab Bepi \u00bb) Colombo, un scientifique qui a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 l'orbite de Mercure et a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 jeter les bases des voyages interplan\u00e9taires. Pr\u00e9vue pour un lancement en 2018, la sonde BepiColombo voyagera dans l'espace pendant plus de sept ans avant d'atteindre la plan\u00e8te insaisissable qu'est Mercure !<\/p>\n<p>Une fois sa destination ralli\u00e9e, BepiColombo va se s\u00e9parer en deux engins. Le premier s\u2019appelle MPO (Mercury Planetary Orbiter). Cette sonde spatiale de l\u2019ESA va \u00e9tudier la surface de Mercure, mais aussi utiliser des instruments de haute technologie pour explorer l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de la plan\u00e8te. Le second engin spatial s\u2019appelle MMO (Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter). D\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par l\u2019Agence d\u2019exploration a\u00e9rospatiale japonaise, il va \u00e9tudier le champ magn\u00e9tique qui entoure Mercure.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"2000\" data-credit=\"ESA - image by C.Carreau\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2007\/02\/BepiColombo_s_planetary_and_magnetospheric_orbiters_at_Mercury2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2007\/02\/bepicolombo_s_planetary_and_magnetospheric_orbiters_at_mercury2\/17908420-2-eng-GB\/BepiColombo_s_planetary_and_magnetospheric_orbiters_at_Mercury.jpg\" alt=\"BepiColombo\u2019s planetary and magnetospheric orbiters at Mercury\"><figcaption>Les orbiteurs plan\u00e9taires et magn\u00e9tosph\u00e9riques de BepiColombo autour de Mercure<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>L\u2019exploitation d\u2019un v\u00e9hicule spatial autour de Mercure est incroyablement difficile ! Les deux sondes de la mission BepiColombo seront par exemple expos\u00e9es \u00e0 des radiations solaires jusqu\u2019\u00e0 dix fois plus intenses qu\u2019autour de la Terre. Mais ce n\u2019est pas tout : la surface br\u00fblante de Mercure peut atteindre pr\u00e8s de 470 \u00b0C et renvoyer d\u2019importants flux de chaleur en direction des sondes en orbite. Il faudra donc les prot\u00e9ger soigneusement pour \u00e9viter qu\u2019elles ne fondent !<\/p>\n<p>Ces risques en valent la peine, car la mission BepiColombo devrait permettre d\u2019\u00e9lucider de nombreux myst\u00e8res li\u00e9s \u00e0 Mercure. Pourquoi cette plan\u00e8te est-elle l\u2019une des plus denses de notre syst\u00e8me solaire ? Son noyau est-il liquide ou solide ? Pourquoi poss\u00e8de-t-elle un champ magn\u00e9tique ? Ses profonds crat\u00e8res contiennent-ils de l\u2019eau glac\u00e9e ? BepiColombo va tenter de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 toutes ces questions et \u00e0 bien d\u2019autres !<\/p>\n<p><b>Fait int\u00e9ressant :<\/b> Mercure est la plan\u00e8te la moins explor\u00e9e du syst\u00e8me solaire interne. Lorsque BepiColombo y arrivera fin 2025, ce ne sera que le deuxi\u00e8me engin spatial \u00e0 entrer en orbite autour de Mercure dans toute l'histoire de l'exploration plan\u00e9taire !<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>European Space Agency space probes have visited many worlds in our Solar System, but so far none have been to the planet Mercury. That will change soon thanks to the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/01\/bepicolombo\/17870634-2-eng-GB\/BepiColombo.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/01\/BepiColombo","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/458","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=458"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4492,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/458\/revisions\/4492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=458"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=458"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=458"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=458"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=458"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=458"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=458"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=458"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}