{"id":447,"date":"2017-05-17T10:13:00","date_gmt":"2017-05-17T08:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/satnav_technology_could_save_precious_water\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:28:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:28:19","slug":"satnav_technology_could_save_precious_water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/satnav_technology_could_save_precious_water\/","title":{"rendered":"Une technologie satellite pourrait nous aider \u00e0 \u00e9conomiser de l\u2019eau"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Aux \u00c9tats-Unis, un groupe de fermiers fait face \u00e0 un gros probl\u00e8me : apr\u00e8s avoir utilis\u00e9 beaucoup d\u2019eau pendant de nombreuses ann\u00e9es pour faire pousser leurs cultures dans d\u2019immenses champs, leurs r\u00e9serves d\u2019eau sont quasiment \u00e9puis\u00e9es. Une technologie originellement con\u00e7ue par l\u2019ESA pourrait aujourd\u2019hui les aider \u00e0 \u00e9conomiser de l\u2019eau, tout en s\u2019assurant que leurs cultures n\u2019en manquent pas !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Cette id\u00e9e ing\u00e9nieuse provient d\u2019un ancien employ\u00e9 de l\u2019ESA appel\u00e9 Javier Marti. Il a r\u00e9alis\u00e9 que certains champs \u00e9taient trop arros\u00e9s, ce qui peut entra\u00eener un \u00e9norme gaspillage d\u2019eau. Selon Javier, il serait possible d\u2019utiliser les satellites pour savoir quels champs ont r\u00e9ellement besoin d\u2019eau !<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1180\" data-credit=\"Google Earth\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/05\/Circular_fields_as_seen_from_space\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/05\/circular_fields_as_seen_from_space\/17903122-2-eng-GB\/Circular_fields_as_seen_from_space.jpg\" alt=\"Circular fields as seen from space\"><figcaption>Des champs circulaires vus depuis l'espace<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Les satellites en orbite autour de la Terre, qui nous aident habituellement \u00e0 trouver notre chemin gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes avanc\u00e9s de navigation, sont la cl\u00e9 de cette nouvelle technologie. En analysant les signaux r\u00e9fl\u00e9chis de navigation par satellite, Javier a d\u00e9couvert qu\u2019il \u00e9tait possible de conna\u00eetre le niveau d\u2019eau dans chaque type de couverture terrestre : sol, neige, zones mar\u00e9cageuses ou bassins de retenue. Ces signaux satellite peuvent ainsi nous aider \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer les champs ayant r\u00e9ellement besoin d\u2019\u00eatre arros\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1920\" data-credit=\"Divirod\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/05\/Irrigation_systems_like_this_sprinkle_water_over_fields\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/05\/irrigation_systems_like_this_sprinkle_water_over_fields\/18248067-2-eng-GB\/Irrigation_systems_like_this_sprinkle_water_over_fields.jpg\" alt=\"Irrigation systems like this sprinkle water over fields\"><figcaption>Les syst\u00e8mes d'irrigation de ce type arrosent les champs<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Au cours des prochains mois, plusieurs fermiers vont exploiter ces donn\u00e9es pour s\u2019assurer qu\u2019ils arrosent correctement leurs champs. Cette m\u00e9thode d\u2019une grande efficacit\u00e9 devrait leur permettre d\u2019\u00e9conomiser jusqu\u2019\u00e0 30 % d\u2019eau. Leurs cultures devraient par ailleurs encore mieux pousser car elles b\u00e9n\u00e9ficieront d\u2019un volume d\u2019eau id\u00e9al !<\/p>\n<p>Si l\u2019id\u00e9e de Javier fonctionne, elle pourra \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9e dans le monde entier afin de pr\u00e9server nos ressources en eau gr\u00e2ce aux satellites d\u00e9j\u00e0 en orbite autour de notre plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p><b>Fait int\u00e9ressant :<\/b> L'analyse des signaux GPS r\u00e9fl\u00e9chis constitue une avanc\u00e9e technologique majeure, et nous pourrions bien d\u00e9couvrir de nombreuses autres applications pour cette technologie au cours des prochaines ann\u00e9es !<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A group of farmers in the USA have a problem: for many years they have been using large amounts of water to grow crops in huge fields, but now their [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/05\/farmers_need_a_lot_of_water_for_their_crops\/17880698-2-eng-GB\/Farmers_need_a_lot_of_water_for_their_crops.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Farmers need a lot of water for their crops","esa_banner_credit":"Navtronics BVBA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/05\/Farmers_need_a_lot_of_water_for_their_crops","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/447","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=447"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/447\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4483,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/447\/revisions\/4483"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=447"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=447"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=447"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=447"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=447"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=447"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=447"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=447"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=447"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=447"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}