{"id":435,"date":"2017-07-17T10:04:00","date_gmt":"2017-07-17T08:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/gigantic_iceberg_now_floating_free\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:28:10","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:28:10","slug":"gigantic_iceberg_now_floating_free","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/gigantic_iceberg_now_floating_free\/","title":{"rendered":"Un iceberg g\u00e9ant flotte sur l\u2019oc\u00e9an"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Au cours des derniers mois, une \u00e9norme faille a entra\u00een\u00e9 la formation d\u2019un immense bloc de glace dans l\u2019Antarctique. Les satellites Sentinelle 1 de l\u2019ESA ont observ\u00e9 la s\u00e9paration compl\u00e8te de la glace, qui a engendr\u00e9 l\u2019un des plus gros icebergs jamais vus.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"849\" data-credit=\"contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2017), processed by ESA, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/07\/Ice_crack_seen_by_Sentinel-2A\" data-licence=\"CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO or ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/07\/ice_crack_seen_by_sentinel-2a\/17906200-2-eng-GB\/Ice_crack_seen_by_Sentinel-2A.jpg\" alt=\"Ice crack seen by Sentinel-2A\"><figcaption>Fissure dans la glace observ\u00e9e par Sentinel-2A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s son apparition il y a plusieurs ann\u00e9es, la faille n\u2019a pas beaucoup \u00e9volu\u00e9. Tout a chang\u00e9 en 2016, quand elle a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 s\u2019agrandir. En janvier 2017, elle avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 gagn\u00e9 20 kilom\u00e8tres - en atteignant une longueur totale de 175 kilom\u00e8tres. D\u00e9but juillet 2017, seuls quelques kilom\u00e8tres s\u00e9paraient encore l\u2019oc\u00e9an de l\u2019extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 de la faille. Conform\u00e9ment aux pr\u00e9visions scientifiques, la faille a fini par rejoindre l\u2019oc\u00e9an et un immense iceberg s\u2019est d\u00e9tach\u00e9 du continent antarctique.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Antarctique s\u2019appr\u00eate \u00e0 entrer au plus profond de l\u2019hiver : la luminosit\u00e9 va \u00e9norm\u00e9ment baisser et le mauvais temps va recouvrir toute la r\u00e9gion, ce qui va compromettre l\u2019observation de l\u2019iceberg \u00e0 l\u2019aide de satellites. Pour pallier ce probl\u00e8me, les scientifiques du Projet MIDAS - un groupe de recherche dirig\u00e9 par l\u2019Universit\u00e9 britannique de Swansea - se sont servis des \u00e9quipements d\u2019imagerie radar des satellites Sentinelle pour voir \u00e0 travers l\u2019obscurit\u00e9 et les nuages.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1500\" data-credit=\"P. Nyquist\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/07\/Trekking_out_for_CryoSat\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/07\/trekking_out_for_cryosat\/17900569-2-eng-GB\/Trekking_out_for_CryoSat.jpg\" alt=\"Trekking out for CryoSat\"><figcaption>Randonn\u00e9e pour CryoSat<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Des chercheurs ont par ailleurs utilis\u00e9 le satellite CryoSat de l\u2019ESA pour \u00e9tudier l\u2019\u00e9volution de la situation. CryoSat est \u00e9quip\u00e9 d\u2019un altim\u00e8tre radar capable de mesurer la hauteur et l\u2019\u00e9paisseur de la glace. Nous avons ainsi appris que la faille dans l\u2019Antarctique faisait plusieurs dizaines de m\u00e8tres de profondeur, et qu\u2019il ne s\u2019agissait pas d\u2019un simple ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de surface.<\/p>\n<p>Ce nouvel iceberg g\u00e9ant mesure pr\u00e8s de 6 000 kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s et p\u00e8se plus de mille milliards de tonnes ! Difficile de pr\u00e9dire ce qui lui arrivera ensuite. L\u2019iceberg pourrait continuer de flotter dans la m\u00eame zone pendant des ann\u00e9es, mais il pourrait \u00e9galement fondre pour se s\u00e9parer en petits icebergs si jamais il d\u00e9rivait vers le nord dans des eaux plus chaudes.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1500\" data-credit=\"ESA\u2013Pierre\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/07\/Artist_s_impression_of_Sentinel-1B\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/07\/artist_s_impression_of_sentinel-1b\/17899311-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_Sentinel-1B.jpg\" alt=\"Artist\u2019s impression of Sentinel-1B\"><figcaption>Repr\u00e9sentation artistique de Sentinel-1B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>La perte d\u2019un tel bloc de glace dans l\u2019Antarctique pourrait provoquer de graves probl\u00e8mes. Par le pass\u00e9, des situations semblables ont parfois acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9 la fonte de glaciers en provoquant une \u00e9l\u00e9vation du niveau des oc\u00e9ans.<\/p>\n<p>Mais il y a une bonne nouvelle : gr\u00e2ce aux satellites de l\u2019ESA, nous pouvons suivre avec davantage d\u2019efficacit\u00e9 les changements de notre plan\u00e8te, notamment dans des r\u00e9gions lointaines comme l\u2019Antarctique. Plus nous parviendrons \u00e0 collecter un maximum d\u2019informations, mieux nous pourrons prot\u00e9ger la Terre et la vie qu\u2019elle abrite !<\/p>\n<p><b>Fait int\u00e9ressant :<\/b> Cet iceberg contient \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s la m\u00eame quantit\u00e9 d'eau que le lac Ontario, en Am\u00e9rique du Nord !<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For the last few months a large crack has been cutting across a vast chunk of ice in Antarctica. ESA\u2019s Sentinel-1 satellites have now seen the ice completely break away, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/07\/larsen_c_breaks2\/17881808-2-eng-GB\/Larsen_C_breaks.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Larsen C breaks","esa_banner_credit":"contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2017), processed by ESA, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO","esa_banner_licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO or ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/07\/Larsen_C_breaks2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-435","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/435","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=435"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/435\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4471,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/435\/revisions\/4471"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=435"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=435"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=435"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=435"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=435"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=435"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=435"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}