{"id":390,"date":"2018-02-28T14:45:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-28T13:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/happy_10th_birthday_columbus_laboratory\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:27:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:27:37","slug":"happy_10th_birthday_columbus_laboratory","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/happy_10th_birthday_columbus_laboratory\/","title":{"rendered":"Le laboratoire Columbus f\u00eate ses 10 ans!"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Il y a dix ans, le laboratoire Columbus \u00e9tait envoy\u00e9 dans l'espace gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la navette Atlantis. Solidement amarr\u00e9 \u00e0 la Station spatiale internationale, c'est devenu le premier avant-poste orbital europ\u00e9en habit\u00e9 en permanence.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Le laboratoire Columbus de l'ESA tire son nom du c\u00e9l\u00e8bre explorateur italien Christophe Colomb. Entre 1492 et 1504, ce navigateur a effectu\u00e9 quatre voyages d'une importance historique entre l'Espagne et l'Am\u00e9rique \u00e0 bord de ses navires. Ce sont cet esprit d'aventure et ce sens de l'exploration qui ont inspir\u00e9 la cr\u00e9ation de Colombus.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"4000\" data-credit=\"ESA - D. Ducros\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/02\/Columbus_laboratory_artist_s_impression\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/02\/columbus_laboratory_artist_s_impression\/17891798-2-eng-GB\/Columbus_laboratory_artist_s_impression.jpg\" alt=\"Columbus laboratory artist&#x27;s impression\"><figcaption>Repr\u00e9sentation artistique du laboratoire Columbus<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Notre \u201c Columbus \u201d des temps modernes est un laboratoire de haute technologie situ\u00e9 dans l\u2019espace. Il permet aux scientifiques de mener des exp\u00e9riences en apesanteur et de faire de nouvelles d\u00e9couvertes extraordinaires ! \u00c0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de Columbus, on trouve de la place pour 10 \u00ab racks de charge utile \u00bb \u2013 des mini-laboratoires de la taille d\u2019un r\u00e9frig\u00e9rateur, chacun \u00e9tant con\u00e7u pour une s\u00e9rie d\u2019exp\u00e9riences diff\u00e9rente. L\u2019ESA en g\u00e8re cinq :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Biolab : \u00e9tude des micro-organismes, des cellules, des petites plantes et des insectes.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>EPM, un module de physiologie pour l'\u00e9tude des effets de l'impesanteur sur le corps humain.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>FSL, un laboratoire pour la science des fluides permettant d'analyser le comportement des liquides en impesanteur.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>EDR, un module facilitant la mise en place et l'ex\u00e9cution de nouvelles exp\u00e9riences.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>ETC, une unit\u00e9 sp\u00e9ciale pour le stockage d'\u00e9quipement qui tient \u00e9galement lieu d'atelier.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Deux plateformes situ\u00e9es \u00e0 l'ext\u00e9rieur de Columbus permettent d'effectuer des exp\u00e9riences directement dans l'espace. Les \u00e9quipes scientifiques utilisent la premi\u00e8re pour \u00e9tudier les changements des mat\u00e9riaux dans l'espace, alors que la seconde leur permet d'observer le Soleil.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"503\" data-credit=\"DLR\/T. Ernsting\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/02\/Columbus_Control_Centre\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/02\/columbus_control_centre\/17869968-2-eng-GB\/Columbus_Control_Centre.jpg\" alt=\"Columbus Control Centre\"><figcaption>Centre de contr\u00f4le de Columbus<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le laboratoire Columbus a besoin de nombreuses personnes sur Terre pour assurer son fonctionnement et veiller \u00e0 ce que tout se passe bien. Ces personnes travaillent au Centre de contr\u00f4le Columbus de l\u2019ESA, surnomm\u00e9 \u2018 Col-CC \u2019. Celui-ci est situ\u00e9 au Centre a\u00e9rospatial allemand (DLR) \u00e0 Oberpfaffenhofen, pr\u00e8s de Munich, en Allemagne.<\/p>\n<p>Les \u00e9quipes du Col-CC sont charg\u00e9es d'exploiter Columbus, 24 heures sur 24 et 7 jours sur 7! Ils pr\u00e9viennent par exemple toute d\u00e9faillance des syst\u00e8mes de survie, s'assurent que les astronautes respirent un air pur, surveillent l'alimentation des modules scientifiques, contr\u00f4lent les signes de surchauffe... et bien plus encore!<\/p>\n<p>Imaginez que vous puissiez effectuer une exp\u00e9rience \u00e0 bord de Columbus: en quoi consisterait-elle, et que chercheriez-vous \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir?<\/p>\n<p><b>Fait int\u00e9ressant :<\/b> Au cours des dix derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, plus de 225 exp\u00e9riences ont \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9es \u00e0 bord de Columbus !<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>10 years ago the Columbus laboratory was sent into space onboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis! It was attached to the International Space Station, becoming Europe\u2019s first permanent human outpost in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/02\/setting_sail\/17910566-2-eng-GB\/Setting_sail.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Setting sail","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\u2013S. 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