{"id":387,"date":"2018-05-14T08:56:00","date_gmt":"2018-05-14T06:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/being_weightless_affects_your_brain_in_surprising_ways\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:27:35","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:27:35","slug":"being_weightless_affects_your_brain_in_surprising_ways","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/being_weightless_affects_your_brain_in_surprising_ways\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019impesanteur affecte votre cerveau de fa\u00e7ons surprenantes!"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Votre cerveau est incroyable ! Il traite en permanence une quantit\u00e9 \u00e9norme d\u2019informations qui lui sont transmises par les sens de votre corps. Avoir un cerveau en bonne sant\u00e9 est \u00e9galement essentiel pour les astronautes, surtout lorsqu\u2019ils doivent accomplir des t\u00e2ches complexes dans l\u2019espace. Vous \u00eates-vous d\u00e9j\u00e0 demand\u00e9 comment l\u2019apesanteur dans l\u2019espace affectait le cerveau ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>C'est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment la question \u00e0 laquelle les scientifiques ont cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre. Ils ont utilis\u00e9 un avion \u201c Zero-G \u201d pour s'\u00e9lever tr\u00e8s haut dans les airs, puis plonger en piqu\u00e9, donnant ainsi l'impression aux passagers d'\u00eatre en apesanteur ! Un groupe de volontaires s\u2019est propos\u00e9 de laisser \u00e9tudier leur cerveau pendant ces p\u00e9riodes d\u2019apesanteur afin de voir comment il \u00e9tait affect\u00e9. \u00c0 l\u2019aide de casques de r\u00e9alit\u00e9 virtuelle, ils devaient accomplir des t\u00e2ches telles qu\u2019apprendre, m\u00e9moriser et s\u2019orienter dans de nouveaux environnements. Les r\u00e9sultats ont \u00e9t\u00e9 surprenants !<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"5616\" data-credit=\"Novespace\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/Brain_science_during_parabolic_flight2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/brain_science_during_parabolic_flight2\/18245662-2-eng-GB\/Brain_science_during_parabolic_flight.jpg\" alt=\"Brain science during parabolic flight\"><figcaption>La recherche sur le cerveau lors d'un vol parabolique<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ne plus ressentir la sensation de pesanteur pendant de brefs laps de temps a permis aux volontaires d\u2019effectuer plusieurs t\u00e2ches plus efficacement et de r\u00e9soudre des \u00e9quations math\u00e9matiques de niveau avanc\u00e9. Jusqu\u2019ici tout va bien ! Les volontaires ont cependant \u00e9prouv\u00e9 beaucoup plus de difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 s\u2019orienter dans leur nouvel environnement. Les scientifiques pensent que l\u2019hippocampe - la partie du cerveau qui r\u00e9git l\u2019orientation et qui fonctionne comme un GPS - s\u2019adapte relativement mal aux conditions d\u2019impesanteur. Cela pourrait nous poser de s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes, car l\u2019hippocampe conditionne \u00e9galement notre m\u00e9moire et nos capacit\u00e9s d\u2019apprentissage. Les astronautes ont recours \u00e0 cette partie de leur cerveau lors des op\u00e9rations d\u2019amarrage, d\u2019atterrissage ou d\u2019exploration.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1181\" data-credit=\"Image source www.fotosearch.com, adaptation by HypoCampus team\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/Hippocampus2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/hippocampus2\/17897052-2-eng-GB\/Hippocampus.jpg\" alt=\"Hippocampus\"><figcaption>Hippocampe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Une exp\u00e9rience baptis\u00e9e \u2019 HypoCampus \u00bb sera envoy\u00e9e \u00e0 la Station spatiale internationale en 2019 afin de poursuivre ces recherches. L'apesanteur \u00e0 long terme aura-t-elle des effets sur le cerveau des astronautes ?<\/p>\n<p>Aimeriez-vous effectuer un vol parabolique pour exp\u00e9rimenter le manque de gravit\u00e9? Pensez-vous que l\u2019impesanteur pourrait vous aider \u00e0 avoir de bonnes notes en math\u00e9matiques?<\/p>\n<p><b>Fait int\u00e9ressant :<\/b> Lorsque l'avion Zero-G effectue un piqu\u00e9, les passagers sont en apesanteur pendant 20 secondes avant que le pilote ne doive redresser l'appareil.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Your brain is amazing! It processes a huge amount of information given to it by your body&#8217;s senses, all of the time. Having a healthy brain is vital for astronauts [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/zero-g_takeoff\/17872595-2-eng-GB\/Zero-G_takeoff.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Zero-G takeoff","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/Zero-G_takeoff","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/387","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=387"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/387\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4434,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/387\/revisions\/4434"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=387"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=387"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=387"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=387"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=387"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=387"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=387"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=387"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=387"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=387"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}