{"id":189,"date":"2021-12-02T12:47:40","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T11:47:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/spacecraft_gaia_satellite_maps_over_a_billion_stars\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:25:17","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:25:17","slug":"spacecraft_gaia_satellite_maps_over_a_billion_stars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/spacecraft_gaia_satellite_maps_over_a_billion_stars\/","title":{"rendered":"Le satellite Gaia a cartographi\u00e9 plus d'un milliard d'\u00e9toiles!"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Un satellite de l\u2019Agence spatiale europ\u00e9enne vient de passer 22 mois dans l\u2019espace pour cartographier notre ciel avec un niveau de d\u00e9tail sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent. Les astronomes du monde entier vont d\u00e9sormais pouvoir exploiter ces donn\u00e9es afin de r\u00e9aliser une carte du ciel r\u00e9v\u00e9lant de nouveaux d\u00e9tails de la Voie lact\u00e9e!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Cette nouvelle carte comprend des mesures tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cises de plus d\u2019un milliard d\u2019\u00e9toiles, notamment leurs positions et leurs mouvements dans l\u2019espace. Gaia a \u00e9galement mesur\u00e9 la couleur, la luminosit\u00e9 et la temp\u00e9rature de surface de certaines \u00e9toiles. Elle a m\u00eame recueilli des donn\u00e9es sur certaines \u00e9toiles situ\u00e9es au-del\u00e0 de notre Galaxie. 14 000 ast\u00e9ro\u00efdes de notre syst\u00e8me solaire ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9pertori\u00e9s, fournissant ainsi davantage d\u2019informations sur ces \u00e9tranges roches spatiales. Chose incroyable, Gaia a relev\u00e9 les positions d\u2019un demi-million de quasars lointains, ces galaxies brillantes aliment\u00e9es par l\u2019activit\u00e9 des trous noirs supermassifs situ\u00e9s en leur centre !<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"4300\" data-credit=\"ESA\/Gaia\/DPAC\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/Gaia_s_sky_in_colour\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/gaia_s_sky_in_colour\/17897126-2-eng-GB\/Gaia_s_sky_in_colour.jpg\" alt=\"Gaia\u2019s sky in colour\"><figcaption>Le ciel de Gaia en couleurs<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>La mission Gaia est d\u2019une importance capitale, c'est pourquoi environ 450 scientifiques et ing\u00e9nieurs logiciels ont collabor\u00e9 pour cr\u00e9er une carte des \u00e9toiles gr\u00e2ce aux donn\u00e9es du satellite. Les astronomes du monde entier peuvent d\u00e9sormais acc\u00e9der \u00e0 toutes ces informations passionnantes ! Nous avons d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 am\u00e9lior\u00e9 notre compr\u00e9hension de l\u2019\u00e2ge des \u00e9toiles dans notre galaxie, et nous en savons plus sur la fa\u00e7on dont elles se d\u00e9placent dans l\u2019espace - ce qui constitue des informations essentielles sur la formation et l\u2019\u00e9volution des \u00e9toiles.<\/p>\n<p>Les donn\u00e9es recueillies par Gaia ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9es pour calculer les orbites de 75 amas globulaires et de 12 galaxies naines qui tournent autour de notre Voie lact\u00e9e. Nous allons ainsi pouvoir \u00e9tudier avec davantage de pr\u00e9cision la situation actuelle et pass\u00e9e de notre galaxie et de son environnement, de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 mieux anticiper son futur. Nous devrions \u00e9galement am\u00e9liorer nos connaissances sur les forces gravitationnelles \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153uvre dans l\u2019espace et sur l\u2019impact de la mati\u00e8re noire qui impr\u00e8gne les galaxies. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 Gaia, nous allons r\u00e9soudre de nouveaux myst\u00e8res de l\u2019espace!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"2560\" data-credit=\"ESA, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/Cosmic_scales_covered_by_Gaia_s_second_data_release\" data-licence=\"CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO or ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/cosmic_scales_covered_by_gaia_s_second_data_release\/17874260-2-eng-GB\/Cosmic_scales_covered_by_Gaia_s_second_data_release.jpg\" alt=\"Cosmic scales covered by Gaia\u2019s second data release\"><figcaption>Les \u00e9chelles cosmiques couvertes par la deuxi\u00e8me publication de donn\u00e9es de Gaia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Selon G\u00fcnther Hasinger, Directeur de la science pour l\u2019ESA : \u00ab Les observations effectu\u00e9es par Gaia red\u00e9finissent les fondements de l\u2019astronomie. \u00bb Le moment ne saurait \u00eatre mieux choisi pour vous int\u00e9resser \u00e0 l\u2019espace! Selon vous, qu\u2019est-ce que la carte de Gaia va nous aider \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir?<\/p>\n<p><b>Fait int\u00e9ressant :<\/b> Certaines de ces \u00e9toiles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mesur\u00e9es avec une pr\u00e9cision telle qu'un observateur sur Terre aurait pu distinguer une pi\u00e8ce de 1 euro \u00e0 la surface de la Lune !<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A European Space Agency satellite called Gaia has spent 22 months charting the sky in more detail than ever before. Now astronomers have used this data to make a new [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/artist_s_impression_of_gaia\/18247105-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_Gaia.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Artist's impression of Gaia","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\u2013D. Ducros, 2013","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/Artist_s_impression_of_Gaia","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=189"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4349,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189\/revisions\/4349"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}