{"id":1127,"date":"2004-11-15T12:50:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T11:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/the_sun\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:36:18","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:36:18","slug":"the_sun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/the_sun\/","title":{"rendered":"The Sun"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Des instruments sp\u00e9cifiques, les spectrographes, nous disent que le Soleil est presque enti\u00e8rement compos\u00e9 de deux gaz, l'hydrog\u00e8ne et l'h\u00e9lium. La temp\u00e9rature de sa surface avoisine les 5.500\u00b0C \u2013 plus de 20 fois plus chaud qu'un four plac\u00e9 \u00e0 temp\u00e9rature maximum. Au centre, la temp\u00e9rature est d'environ 15 millions de degr\u00e9s Celsius et le gaz est concentr\u00e9 \u00e0 environ 10 fois la densit\u00e9 du plomb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

At such high temperatures and pressures, the Sun becomes a nuclear reactor, where hydrogen is converted to helium. At the same time, huge amounts of radiation are produced. This finds its way to the surface as visible, infrared and ultraviolet light, and X-rays.<\/p>\n

Toutes les heures, le Soleil expulse un milliard de tonnes de gaz dans l\u2019espace \u00e0 plus de 2 millions de kilom\u00e8tres \u00e0 l'heure. Mais le Soleil est si massif qu'il peut continuer \u00e0 br\u00fbler pendant des milliards d'ann\u00e9es encore.<\/p>\n

\"Mysterious<\/figure>\n

Le Soleil devient plus actif tous les 11 ans. Pendant ces p\u00e9riodes, le nombre de taches sombres \u00e0 la surface augmente. Au summum du cycle de taches, il y a davantage de temp\u00eates solaires explosives. Au cours du dernier maximum solaire, en 2001, de nombreuses d\u00e9flagrations solaires et autres \u00e9jections coronaires massives ont projet\u00e9 des milliards de tonnes de mati\u00e8re dans l'espace \u00e0 une vitesse \u00e9lev\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

If these storms head towards Earth, they can have serious side-effects. They may cause power cuts, damage satellites, and affect communications and navigation systems. They also cause the Earth’s auroras \u2013 commonly known as the Northern and Southern Lights.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Special instruments known as spectrographs tell us that the Sun is made almost entirely of two gases, hydrogen and helium. The temperature at its surface is about 5 500 degrees […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/11\/the_sun2\/17874148-2-eng-GB\/The_Sun.jpg","esa_banner_description":"The Sun","esa_banner_credit":"SOHO\/EIT (ESA & NASA)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/11\/The_Sun2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,35],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-the-sun","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1127"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1127\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4862,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1127\/revisions\/4862"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1127"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1127"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1127"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1127"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1127"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1127"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1127"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}