{"id":1120,"date":"2004-11-19T08:36:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T07:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/astronaut_training\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:36:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:36:13","slug":"astronaut_training","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/astronaut_training\/","title":{"rendered":"Formation des astronautes"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Avant de partir dans l'espace, les astronautes doivent subir des centaines d'heures d'entra\u00eenement. Cet entra\u00eenement se divise en trois parties principales.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Tout d'abord, les d\u00e9butants qui souhaitent se qualifier en tant qu'astronautes doivent r\u00e9ussir une formation de base d\u2019un an. Les candidats prennent des cours de technologie spatiale et de sciences, apprennent des notions de base de m\u00e9decine et d\u00e9couvrent le fonctionnement de la station spatiale internationale (ISS). Ils se perfectionnent aussi en plong\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s cette premi\u00e8re partie, ils poursuivent par une autre ann\u00e9e de formation avanc\u00e9e. Ils d\u00e9taillent plus en profondeur les diff\u00e9rentes parties de l'ISS, les exp\u00e9riences et les v\u00e9hicules de transport ainsi que le r\u00f4le du contr\u00f4le au sol.<\/p>\n

\"Pedro
Pedro Duque et l'\u00e9quipage de la huiti\u00e8me exp\u00e9dition de l'ISS lors d'un entra\u00eenement \u00e0 Star City<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ils peuvent ensuite \u00eatre affect\u00e9s \u00e0 une mission. En travaillant autant qu'il est possible avec les autres membres de l'\u00e9quipage, ils peuvent en savoir plus sur les t\u00e2ches sp\u00e9cifiques li\u00e9es \u00e0 leur mission et s'habituent \u00e0 l'apesanteur lors de vols paraboliques.<\/p>\n

Au cours des ann\u00e9es, les astronautes apprennent \u00e0 se conna\u00eetre parfaitement lors de leurs visites dans des centres d'entra\u00eenement aux Etats-Unis, en Russie, au Japon, au Canada et en Europe. Pour cela ils peuvent avoir \u00e0 apprendre une langue \u00e9trang\u00e8re \u2013 le russe \u2013 (l'anglais est obligatoire) et \u00e0 se familiariser avec les exp\u00e9riences scientifiques et activit\u00e9s sp\u00e9cifiques de leur mission.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Before they can fly in space, astronauts have to undergo hundreds of hours of training. This is split into three main sections. First, newcomers who want to qualify as astronauts […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/04\/astronauts_during_training2\/17909048-2-eng-GB\/Astronauts_during_training.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Astronauts during training","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/04\/Astronauts_during_training2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[28,10,13],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronauts","category-learn","category-life-in-space","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1120"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4857,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1120\/revisions\/4857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1120"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1120"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1120"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1120"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1120"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1120"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1120"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}