{"id":1019,"date":"2010-05-25T11:48:00","date_gmt":"2010-05-25T09:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/space_images_show_spreading_oil_spill\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:57","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:57","slug":"space_images_show_spreading_oil_spill","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/space_images_show_spreading_oil_spill\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019avanc\u00e9e de la mar\u00e9e noire photographi\u00e9e depuis l\u2019espace"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Des millions d\u2019habitants du Sud des \u00c9tats-Unis retiennent leur souffle devant un monstre sombre qui tourbillonne au large se pr\u00e9parant \u00e0 d\u00e9vorer les c\u00f4tes proches. Le monstre en question est une gigantesque nappe de p\u00e9trole qui d\u00e9rive \u00e0 la merci des vents et des courants oc\u00e9aniques. Si elle atteint le littoral, d\u2019importants secteurs de p\u00eache, plages touristiques et zones de reproduction de la faune seront ensevelis sous une \u00e9paisse boue gluante. L\u2019on craint une catastrophe \u00e9cologique majeure.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Des engins spatiaux de t\u00e9l\u00e9d\u00e9tection de nombreux pays et, notamment, le satellite Envisat de l\u2019ESA surveillent les mouvements de la nappe de p\u00e9trole 24 h\/24 et 7j \/7. Pendant la journ\u00e9e, lorsque la zone est d\u00e9gag\u00e9e, les instruments optiques dont ils sont \u00e9quip\u00e9s permettent de d\u00e9tecter de mani\u00e8re ininterrompue la surface de la fuite. De nuit et par temps couvert, les instruments radar prennent la rel\u00e8ve et fournissent des informations sur la rugosit\u00e9 de la surface et la circulation des courants. Toutes ces donn\u00e9es permettent de calculer la direction dans laquelle la mar\u00e9e noire est susceptible de s\u2019\u00e9tendre.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1428\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2010\/04\/Envisat_optical_image2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2010\/04\/envisat_optical_image2\/17891835-2-eng-GB\/Envisat_optical_image.jpg\" alt=\"Envisat optical image\"><figcaption>Image optique d'Envisat<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>La crise en commenc\u00e9 le 22 avril suite \u00e0 l\u2019explosion d\u2019une plate-forme de forage p\u00e9trolier qui a ensuite coul\u00e9 dans le Golfe du Mexique. Depuis, des milliers de barils de brut s\u2019\u00e9chappent chaque jour d\u2019un puits endommag\u00e9 situ\u00e9 \u00e0 1,5 km sous la plate-forme. En quatre jours, la mar\u00e9e noire avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 recouvert une aire de 77 km de long par 63 km de large. Au d\u00e9part, les satellites ont montr\u00e9 que le p\u00e9trole \u00e9tait entra\u00een\u00e9 vers les c\u00f4tes de la Louisiane mais, heureusement, les vents ont ensuite chang\u00e9 et la mar\u00e9e noire est rest\u00e9e principalement au large.<\/p>\n<p>Cependant, d\u2019apr\u00e8s des images de l\u2019espace plus r\u00e9centes une longue langue de p\u00e9trole s\u2019allonge maintenant vers le Sud. Le 19 mai, des images radar d\u2019Envisat ont montr\u00e9 que la mar\u00e9e noire avait \u00e9t\u00e9 happ\u00e9e par un puissant courant oc\u00e9anique qui pourrait entra\u00eener le p\u00e9trole vers les splendides barri\u00e8res de corail de Floride.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Millions of people in the southern United States are watching with bated breath as a huge, brown monster swirls around offshore, preparing to smother the nearby coast. The monster in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2010\/04\/envisat_radar_image_of_the_oil_spill2\/17868414-2-eng-GB\/Envisat_radar_image_of_the_oil_spill.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Envisat radar image of the oil spill","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2010\/04\/Envisat_radar_image_of_the_oil_spill2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,43],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-protecting-earth"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1019","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1019"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1019\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4801,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1019\/revisions\/4801"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1019"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1019"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1019"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1019"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1019"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1019"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1019"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}