{"id":818,"date":"2004-12-03T09:53:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T08:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/shapeshifting_metals\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:38","slug":"shapeshifting_metals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/shapeshifting_metals\/","title":{"rendered":"Muodonmuuttavat metallit"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Pelk\u00e4\u00e4tk\u00f6 hammasl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4rik\u00e4ynti\u00e4? Toivoisitko, ett\u00e4 olisi helpompi tapa saada t\u00e4ydellinen hymy?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Avaruustutkimus auttaa v\u00e4hent\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n hammasl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4rik\u00e4yntej\u00e4 muotomuistimetallien (SMA) k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6noton ansiosta. N\u00e4ill\u00e4 \u2018\u00e4lykk\u00e4ill\u00e4\u2019 metalleilla on h\u00e4mm\u00e4stytt\u00e4v\u00e4 kyky \u2018muistaa\u2019 erilaisia asentoja.<\/p>\n

Aivan kuten kuminauha, ne palaavat alkuper\u00e4iseen muotoonsa venytetty\u00e4\u00e4n tai taitettuina. Jos ne taivutetaan uuteen muotoon, l\u00e4mm\u00f6n vaikutuksesta ne palaavat entiseen tilaansa.<\/p>\n

Euroopan avaruusohjelma kehitti n\u00e4m\u00e4 metalliseokset automaattikytkimi\u00e4 varten. Niille l\u00f6ytyi kuitenkin pian monia k\u00e4ytt\u00f6tarkoituksia, muun muassa murtuneiden luiden korjaamiseen.<\/p>\n

Taivutetusta SMA-langasta valmistetut hakaset kiinnitet\u00e4\u00e4n murtuman yli. Kehon l\u00e4mp\u00f6 saa hakaset sulkeutumaan, jolloin luut vet\u00e4ytyv\u00e4t yhteen.<\/p>\n

Ne eiv\u00e4t ainoastaan sulje murtumaa, vaan my\u00f6s vahvistavat luuta, kunnes se paranee. Samalla tavalla niit\u00e4 voidaan k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 hampaiden liikkeen ohjaamiseen.<\/p>\n

Noin nelj\u00e4nnes kaikista lapsista joutuu k\u00e4ym\u00e4\u00e4n hammasl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4riss\u00e4 hampaidensa asennon korjaamiseksi. SMA-laitteiden avulla on nyky\u00e4\u00e4n mahdollista sulkea hampaiden v\u00e4liset aukot tai oikaista hampaita hell\u00e4varaisesti mutta nopeasti. T\u00e4m\u00e4 tarkoittaa v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n kipua ja harvempia k\u00e4yntej\u00e4 hammasl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4rin vastaanotolla.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do you dread going to the dentist? Do you wish there was an easier way to obtain that perfect smile? Space research is helping to cut back on visits to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/12\/dentist_22\/17900050-2-eng-GB\/dentist_2.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"AP Photo\/Chuck Burton","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/12\/dentist_22","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=818"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/818\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1961,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/818\/revisions\/1961"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}