{"id":719,"date":"2012-01-12T12:27:00","date_gmt":"2012-01-12T11:27:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_s_swarm_prepares_for_flight\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:31","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:31","slug":"esa_s_swarm_prepares_for_flight","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/esa_s_swarm_prepares_for_flight\/","title":{"rendered":"ESAn Swarm-luotain valmistautuu lentoon"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Meit\u00e4 ymp\u00e4r\u00f6i n\u00e4kym\u00e4t\u00f6n magneettikentt\u00e4. Vaikka emme yleens\u00e4 huomaa sit\u00e4, maapallon magneettikentt\u00e4 on eritt\u00e4in t\u00e4rke\u00e4, sill\u00e4 se suojaa meit\u00e4 vaarallisilta aurinkomyrskyilt\u00e4 ja avaruuss\u00e4teilylt\u00e4. Ilman sit\u00e4 planeetallamme ei olisi el\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4. Mitatakseen t\u00e4t\u00e4 magneettista voimaa entist\u00e4 tarkemmin ESA valmistautuu l\u00e4hett\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n kiertoradalle erityisen avaruuslennon nimelt\u00e4 Swarm.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Swarm-konsepti koostuu kolmen satelliitin muodostamasta konstellaatiosta, jotka kiert\u00e4v\u00e4t kolmella eri polaarisella kiertoradalla 400\u2013550 km:n korkeudella. Kukin satelliitti tuottaa eritt\u00e4in tarkkoja ja korkean resoluution mittauksia magneettikent\u00e4n voimakkuudesta ja suunnasta. Monet herkist\u00e4 mittalaitteista asennetaan 4 metri\u00e4 pitk\u00e4\u00e4n puomiin, jotta avaruusaluksen s\u00e4hk\u00f6j\u00e4rjestelmist\u00e4 aiheutuvat h\u00e4iri\u00f6t voidaan rajoittaa.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1238\" data-credit=\"ESA\u2013P. Carril\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/10\/Swarm_constellation2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/10\/swarm_constellation2\/17891243-2-eng-GB\/Swarm_constellation.jpg\" alt=\"Swarm constellation\"><figcaption>Swarm-t\u00e4htikuvio<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Magneettikent\u00e4n uskotaan syntyv\u00e4n py\u00f6rteilev\u00e4st\u00e4 nesteest\u00e4 maapallon rautapitoisessa ulkoytimess\u00e4, mutta emme viel\u00e4k\u00e4\u00e4n t\u00e4ysin ymm\u00e4rr\u00e4, miten se syntyy ja miten se muuttuu ajan my\u00f6t\u00e4. Esimerkiksi magneettisten pohjois- ja etel\u00e4napojen sijainti maan pinnalla muuttuu jatkuvasti. My\u00f6s kent\u00e4n voimakkuus vaihtelee. Ajoittain navat jopa vaihtavat paikkaa, jolloin nykyinen pohjoisnapa muuttuu etel\u00e4navaksi. T\u00e4ll\u00f6in magneettikompassi osoittaisi etel\u00e4\u00e4n pohjoisen sijaan! Tutkijat toivovat, ett\u00e4 Swarm-missio pystyy ratkaisemaan n\u00e4m\u00e4 ja monet muut magneettiset mysteerit.<\/p>\n<p>Jotta mittaukset olisivat mahdollisimman tarkkoja, kaikki satelliitit on testattu perusteellisesti. Osa testeist\u00e4 suoritettiin \u2018magneettisesti puhtaassa\u2019 ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6ss\u00e4 \u2013 puulattiaisessa huoneessa, joka sijaitsee syv\u00e4ll\u00e4 saksalaisessa mets\u00e4ss\u00e4, kaukana muista rakennuksista. Kun testiohjelma on saatu p\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6kseen, Swarm-kolmikko toimitetaan Ven\u00e4j\u00e4n Plesetskin avaruuskeskukselle, josta se laukaistaan Rockot-kantoraketilla my\u00f6hemmin t\u00e4n\u00e4 vuonna.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There is an invisible magnetic field all around us. Although we don\u2019t normally notice it, the Earth\u2019s magnetic field is very important as it protects us from dangerous solar storms [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/03\/swarm_constellation2\/17887358-2-eng-GB\/Swarm_constellation.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Swarm constellation","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/AOES Medialab","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/03\/Swarm_constellation2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/719","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=719"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/719\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4647,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/719\/revisions\/4647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=719"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=719"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}