{"id":714,"date":"2012-11-07T10:12:00","date_gmt":"2012-11-07T09:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/from_rocket_fuel_to_clean_cars\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:27","slug":"from_rocket_fuel_to_clean_cars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/from_rocket_fuel_to_clean_cars\/","title":{"rendered":"Rakettipolttoaineesta puhtaisiin autoihin"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Vety, joka on kaikista kaasuista kevyin, on maailmankaikkeuden yleisin alkuaine. Se syttyy eritt\u00e4in helposti, jos happea on l\u00e4sn\u00e4. Euroopassa Ariane 5 -kantoraketeissa k\u00e4ytett\u00e4v\u00e4 vety on erinomainen rakettipolttoaine, mutta sit\u00e4 on eritt\u00e4in vaikea varastoida. Sit\u00e4 on s\u00e4ilytett\u00e4v\u00e4 kaksisein\u00e4isiss\u00e4 s\u00e4ili\u00f6iss\u00e4 eritt\u00e4in alhaisissa l\u00e4mp\u00f6tiloissa, ja se sy\u00f6tet\u00e4\u00e4n rakettimoottoreihin tiiviisti suljettujen putkien kautta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>It\u00e4valtalaisen yrityksen viimeaikaiset edistysaskeleet viittaavat siihen, ett\u00e4 vedyst\u00e4 saattaa tulla my\u00f6s tulevaisuuden tieliikenteen ensisijainen polttoaine, mik\u00e4 ratkaisisi puhtaiden autojen kehitt\u00e4miseen liittyv\u00e4n ongelman. Yritys on yhteisty\u00f6ss\u00e4 saksalaisen autovalmistajan BMW:n kanssa soveltanut rakettiteknologiaa kehitt\u00e4\u00e4kseen vedynvarastos\u00e4ili\u00f6it\u00e4, jotka ovat riitt\u00e4v\u00e4n pieni\u00e4 mahtuakseen sedan-auton tavaratilaan. T\u00e4m\u00e4 johti vuonna 2007 tuotantoauton, BMW Hydrogen 7:n, syntyyn. Auto voi k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 polttoaineenaan joko vety\u00e4 tai bensiini\u00e4. K\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6ss\u00e4 auton ainoa p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6 on vaaraton vesih\u00f6yry!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"Magna Steyr Aerospace\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/10\/Hydrogen_car_fuel_tank2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/10\/hydrogen_car_fuel_tank2\/18250360-2-eng-GB\/Hydrogen_car_fuel_tank.jpg\" alt=\"Hydrogen car fuel tank\"><figcaption>Vetyauton polttoaines\u00e4ili\u00f6<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Yksi suurimmista haasteista oli polttoaines\u00e4ili\u00f6n suunnittelu. Jotta vety\u00e4 voidaan varastoida nestem\u00e4isen\u00e4, sen l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilan on oltava \u2013253 \u00baC. Jatkuvan j\u00e4\u00e4hdytyksen sijaan BMW Hydrogen 7 -autoissa varastoidaan 114 litraa nestem\u00e4ist\u00e4 vety\u00e4 eritt\u00e4in hyvin eristetyiss\u00e4 s\u00e4ili\u00f6iss\u00e4. S\u00e4ili\u00f6iden eristys, joka vastaa 17 metrin paksuista styroksikerrosta, pystyy pit\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n vedyn kylm\u00e4n\u00e4 l\u00e4hes kahden viikon ajan.<\/p>\n<p>Ennen kuin vetyk\u00e4ytt\u00f6iset autot yleistyv\u00e4t, on viel\u00e4 joitakin ongelmia ratkaistava. Yksi niist\u00e4 on tankkausasemien puute. Toinen ongelma on nestem\u00e4isen vedyn h\u00e4vi\u00e4minen, kun se l\u00e4mpenee ja haihtuu hitaasti kaasuksi. Jos kuljettaja j\u00e4tt\u00e4\u00e4 auton esimerkiksi lentokent\u00e4lle kahdeksi viikoksi, h\u00e4n palaisi tyhj\u00e4n polttoaines\u00e4ili\u00f6n \u00e4\u00e4reen. On kuitenkin selvi\u00e4 merkkej\u00e4 siit\u00e4, ett\u00e4 vedyll\u00e4 toimivat puhtaat autot ovat saastuttamattoman autoilun tulevaisuus.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hydrogen, the lightest of all gases, is the most common element in the Universe. It is extremely easy to burn, if oxygen is present. Used in Europe\u2019s Ariane 5 launchers, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/10\/liquid_hydrogen-powered_combustion_engine2\/17879995-2-eng-GB\/Liquid_hydrogen-powered_combustion_engine.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Liquid hydrogen-powered combustion engine","esa_banner_credit":"BMW\/Magna Steyr Aerospace","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/10\/Liquid_hydrogen-powered_combustion_engine2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=714"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4644,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions\/4644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}